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CSIS jobs follow a pay scale of $42,579 to $168,915 a year (about $20.40 to $80.93 an hour), in effect since April 1, 2024, according to the Salaires et avantages sociaux page of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS). CSIS is not a police force. Its official page states that it "is not a law enforcement agency." Its officers are not police officers. For the police career, see our page on police officer jobs. This text applies to women and men alike.

CSIS jobs: who can apply

Section 12 of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. C-23, current to October 19, 2026) tasks the Service with collecting, analysing and retaining information and intelligence on activities suspected of constituting threats to the security of Canada. It reports to and advises the Government of Canada (subsection 12(1)).

The "Processus de recrutement" page (dated February 11, 2026) sets two requirements for all positions.

• Hold Canadian citizenship
• Have 10 years of verifiable history

Some positions also require a valid permanent driver's licence and mobility. The frequently asked questions page (dated September 23, 2024) turns away permanent residents. It accepts dual citizenship. A criminal record does not prevent you from applying. Each file is assessed separately. Applications are made online only, at Canada.ca/emplois-scrs. There is no remote work. The probationary period lasts at least one year. You can apply again to the same position after six months.

CSIS positions

Two titles come up in the frequently asked questions.

• Intelligence officer: a degree from a recognized Canadian university, a permanent Canadian driver's licence (class 5 at least) and a willingness to relocate. The FNAR training takes place at the headquarters in Ottawa. A three-year development program follows
• Surveillance officer: a college diploma of at least two years in any field, or a degree from a recognized Canadian university. The work is done in shifts, with sometimes unpredictable hours

According to the frequently asked questions, a few jobs require only a secondary school diploma. Most require a college diploma or a university degree. Most do not require a medical examination.

The "Emplois disponibles" page (dated November 10, 2026) lists 12 professional positions and 11 co-op placements. It includes, for example, IT analysts, a communications analyst, a procurement officer and an editor. No intelligence officer or surveillance officer is listed that day. The list gives no location, level or closing date. You must open each posting to find out which ones are in Quebec.

For other federal security jobs, see our article on RCMP recruitment and the one on CBSA hiring.

CSIS salary

The scale has 11 levels. CSIS publishes it without working hours. The hourly rate is a calculation by our editors on 40 hours a week × 52.18 weeks, or 2,087.2 hours a year. The frequently asked questions say that the scales for each position appear in its profile and that the exact amount depends on experience.

Benefits include three weeks of paid vacation from the day you are hired, sick leave, life, health and dental insurance, and a pension plan.

The 10 steps of CSIS recruitment

The "Processus de recrutement" page describes these steps for professionals.

• 1. Online application
• 2. Pre-screening
• 3. Competency-based interview
• 4. Complete file, with three references
• 5. Second language evaluation, depending on the position
• 6. Psychological assessment, with an interview
• 7. File review
• 8. Top Secret Enhanced security clearance, with background check documents, fingerprints, a security interview and a polygraph test
• 9. Offer letter, signed after the clearance is granted
• 10. Job at CSIS

CSIS says the process takes 6 to 18 months after the initial interview.

CSIS jobs for students

The "Emplois pour étudiants" page (dated October 7, 2026) describes full-time co-op work terms at the headquarters in Ottawa. You must be in your third or fourth year, a Canadian citizen and enrolled full time at a recognized postsecondary institution in Canada. Work terms start in January, May or September. They last four, eight, twelve or sixteen months. The page asks you to apply one year before the work term. The frequently asked questions say 10 to 12 months.

The same page publishes the hourly pay of co-op students. At the college or undergraduate level, it runs from $23.79 for the first work term to $33.75 for the fourth (about $49,654 to $70,443 a year on a 40-hour week, our calculation). At the graduate level, it runs from $27.20 to $34.32 (about $56,772 to $71,633 a year on the same basis).

This article is neither legal nor union advice.

Frequently asked questions

How to work for CSIS?

You must apply online at Canada.ca/emplois-scrs. CSIS requires Canadian citizenship and 10 years of verifiable history. The process has 10 steps for professionals, including the Top Secret Enhanced security clearance.

What is CSIS?

It is the Canadian Security Intelligence Service. The Act tasks it with collecting, analysing and retaining information on threats to the security of Canada, then reporting to the Government of Canada (section 12). Its official page states that it is not a law enforcement agency.

What is the salary of a secret agent in Canada?

"Secret agent" is not a title on the CSIS job pages we read. The titles found are intelligence officer and surveillance officer. The CSIS scale runs from $42,579 to $168,915 a year (about $20.40 to $80.93 an hour) since April 1, 2024. The level of each position appears in its profile.

How to become an intelligence officer?

You need a degree from a recognized Canadian university, Canadian citizenship, a permanent Canadian driver's licence and a willingness to relocate. The FNAR training takes place in Ottawa. A three-year development program follows.

Do you need to be a Canadian citizen to apply?

Yes. Canadian citizenship is mandatory. Permanent residents are not eligible. A person with dual citizenship can apply if they are a Canadian citizen and meet the other requirements.

How long does the recruitment process take?

On average, 6 to 18 months after the initial interview. The polygraph test is part of the Top Secret clearance step and is mandatory.

Do you need a university degree to work at CSIS?

Not for every position. The intelligence officer requires a university degree. The surveillance officer accepts a college diploma of at least two years.

Sources

• Canadian Security Intelligence Service, Salaires et avantages sociaux, page dated April 4, 2024, scales in effect since April 1, 2024, consulted on November 12, 2026
• Canadian Security Intelligence Service, Processus de recrutement, page dated February 11, 2026, consulted on November 12, 2026
• Canadian Security Intelligence Service, Foire aux questions, page dated September 23, 2024, consulted on November 12, 2026
• Canadian Security Intelligence Service, Emplois disponibles, page dated November 10, 2026, consulted on November 12, 2026
• Canadian Security Intelligence Service, Emplois pour étudiants, page dated October 7, 2026, consulted on November 12, 2026
• Canadian Security Intelligence Service, Dynamic answers, page dated September 28, 2026, consulted on November 12, 2026
• Justice Canada, Canadian Security Intelligence Service Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. C-23), section 12, current to October 19, 2026, consulted on November 12, 2026

As of May 8, 2026, over 100 of the 1,000 new officers had been hired by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA), which plans to hire them all by the end of fiscal year 2028-2029, according to its briefing binder for the Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security (May 28, 2026). This article covers CBSA hiring and the application process. For pay, see our page on customs officer salary. This text applies to women and men alike.

1,000 new CBSA officers by 2028-2029

The CBSA's 2026 to 2027 Departmental Plan (modified March 13, 2026) lists among its key priorities the recruitment, training and deployment of 1,000 new CBSA officers over the next three years. The May 28, 2026 binder gives the progress.

• Budget 2025 allocated $669 million over five years and $198.3 million ongoing to bolster CBSA operations
• As of May 8, 2026, over 100 new officers were hired, of the 1,000
• Among them were 76 border services officers, 21 trade officers, 3 recourse officers, 4 chemists and 2 detection technology engineers
• 200 recruits were expected to be in training at the college in Rigaud by July 2026
• Over 400 new officers are expected to be in place by the end of fiscal year 2026-2027

The selection process now open

The CBSA's recruitment page states that the Officer Trainee Developmental Program selection process is open. It is GC Jobs poster 2026-EA-OIM-FB-02-0010, CBSA Border Services Officer Trainee (Developmental), FB-02.

• Closing date: June 24, 2027, at 11:59 p.m. Pacific Time
• Who can apply: Canadian citizens and permanent residents abroad, as well as persons residing in Canada
• Location: various locations across Canada
• Language: English essential or bilingual imperative (BBB/BBB)

The poster offers only "English essential" or "bilingual imperative" positions. It offers no French unilingual position. It gives no number of positions. Applications are drawn from the inventory as positions become available.

Requirements to apply

The "Find out if you qualify to become a border services officer" page (modified September 9, 2026) lists the conditions to meet when you apply.

• Be at least 18 years old before starting the Officer Induction Training Program
• Hold a secondary school diploma or equivalent
• Hold a valid, unrestricted driver's licence that permits you to drive in Canada. Graduated, probationary and expired licences are not accepted
• Meet the security level required
• Accept a position wherever the CBSA needs you most

The GC Jobs poster adds passing the two Canadian firearms safety courses and an enhanced secret clearance, which you must obtain and maintain.

The CBSA application process, step by step

According to the poster, every candidate must attend an information session and complete an entrance exam, an interview, document validation, a psychological assessment, an information session on the physical abilities test, a medical assessment, the firearms courses, a second language evaluation for bilingual positions only and a security screening.

The "Selection steps and timelines" page (modified March 10, 2026) gives these details.

• The process can take up to 18 months
• Entrance exam results remain valid indefinitely. After a failure, you must wait 1 year to retake it
• Psychological and medical assessment results are valid for 2 years (with some conditions for the medical exam)

Training at the college in Rigaud

The "Post-recruitment training and development" page (modified July 17, 2026) describes three phases.

• 3 weeks of distance learning, an average of 5 hours a day
• 15 weeks in residence at the Canada Border Services College in Rigaud, Quebec, generally Monday to Friday, with occasional evenings, weekends or holidays
• 12 to 18 months of on-the-job development at your port of entry, as an officer trainee (FB-02)

Accommodations and meals are provided. The CBSA covers one round trip from home and pays a weekly allowance of $525. On successful completion, the trainee is appointed border services officer (FB-03). The steps page, modified earlier on March 10, 2026, still lists 4 weeks online and 14 weeks in residence.

On salary, the poster shows $80,344 to $89,462 a year for an FB-02 trainee, "under review." That is about $41.06 to $45.72 an hour, calculated by our editors on 37.5 hours × 52.18 weeks (FB collective agreement, clause 25.06). The full scale is in our customs officer salary article.

This article is neither legal nor union advice.

Frequently asked questions

How to get hired by CBSA?

Apply online to the GC Jobs poster 2026-EA-OIM-FB-02-0010, open until June 24, 2027. You need to be 18 before training, hold a high school diploma and a valid, unrestricted driver's licence. The entrance exam, interview and other assessments follow.

How long does the CBSA application process take?

The CBSA says the process can take up to 18 months. Then come 3 weeks of online training, 15 weeks in Rigaud and 12 to 18 months on the job.

Is it hard to get a job at CBSA?

The CBSA does not publish a success rate. A candidate who fails the entrance exam must wait 1 year to retake it.

Do you have to be bilingual to work for the Canadian government?

Not for every CBSA position. The current poster offers "English essential" or "bilingual imperative" positions, with no French unilingual position. A bilingual position requires the intermediate level (BBB) in the second official language, according to the CBSA.

How many officers is the CBSA hiring?

The CBSA plans to hire 1,000 new officers by the end of fiscal year 2028-2029. As of May 8, 2026, over 100 had been hired.

How do I apply online?

You apply on GC Jobs, the federal public service job site. The "Apply now" link is on the CBSA recruitment page.

Where do CBSA officers train?

In-residence training takes place at the Canada Border Services College in Rigaud, Quebec. It lasts 15 weeks, generally Monday to Friday, with occasional evenings, weekends or holidays. Accommodations and meals are provided, with a weekly allowance of $525.

Sources

• Canada Border Services Agency, Supplementary Estimates (C): Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security: Main Estimates 2026-2027 (May 28, 2026), page modified September 25, 2026, consulted on November 10, 2026
• Canada Border Services Agency, Canada Border Services Agency 2026 to 2027 Departmental Plan, page modified March 13, 2026, consulted on November 10, 2026
• Public Service Commission of Canada, GC Jobs, CBSA Border Services Officer Trainee (Developmental), FB-02, process 2026-EA-OIM-FB-02-0010, closing date June 24, 2027, consulted on November 10, 2026
• Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Border Services (FB), expiry date June 20, 2026, clause 25.06, consulted on November 10, 2026
• Canada Border Services Agency, Border services officers: Recruitment, page modified December 19, 2024, consulted on November 10, 2026
• Canada Border Services Agency, Find out if you qualify to become a border services officer, page modified September 9, 2026, consulted on November 10, 2026
• Canada Border Services Agency, Selection steps and timelines: Border services officers, page modified March 10, 2026, consulted on November 10, 2026
• Canada Border Services Agency, Post-recruitment training and development, page modified July 17, 2026, consulted on November 10, 2026

As of November 5, 2026, the latest pay scale published by the Conseil du trésor for the wildlife officer runs from $51,930 to $77,059 a year. These rates, in effect since October 2, 2022, come from the 2020-2023 collective agreement for wildlife protection officers. The official title is wildlife protection officer. This public servant has peace officer status. This text applies to women and men alike.

What is a wildlife officer

The Act respecting the conservation and development of wildlife (chapter C-61.1, up to date as of October 15, 2026) provides in section 3 that wildlife protection officers are appointed under the Public Service Act. Section 6 makes them peace officers for the exercise of their duties. Section 7 also makes every member of the Sûreté du Québec or the Royal Canadian Mounted Police an ex officio wildlife protection officer for the purposes of the Act. The Collège d'Alma names the Ministère de l'Environnement, de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, de la Faune et des Parcs (MELCCFP) as the employer.

The laws they enforce

Section 5 of the Act charges the officer with seeing to its application and, among others, that of the Loi sur les parcs, the Loi sur les espèces menacées ou vulnérables and the Loi sur la conservation du patrimoine naturel. According to the page Le travail des agents de protection de la faune (updated March 23, 2026), the officer has powers of inspection, investigation, arrest, search and seizure. The officer is subject to the Code de déontologie des policiers du Québec and a complaint must be filed within a year. This text is not legal advice. See our article on police ethics (in French).

The work day to day

Québec.ca describes a constant fight against poaching. Officers conduct investigations, inspect work done in fish habitat and watch for prohibited hunting of migratory birds. They protect threatened or vulnerable species across Quebec. They supervise wildlife protection assistants in wildlife reserves, national parks and outfitters. They also educate the public. A canine squad has existed since 1995.

Admission requirements

Québec.ca sets five conditions to apply.

• Hold a secondary school diploma or a recognized equivalent attestation of studies
• Have completed one year of postsecondary studies on wildlife, its habitats, the environment, forests, hunting, fishing, trapping and regulations, or make up for it with two years of relevant experience
• Hold a class 4A licence (emergency vehicle) before being hired
• Have a knowledge of French appropriate to the duties
• Hold Canadian citizenship or permanent resident status

Selection includes a multiple-choice test, an interview, the physical abilities test at the Université de Montréal (about $115), a medical exam (about $480) and a security check paid for by the employer. The test and medical exam fees can be reimbursed at the end of training. The Collège d'Alma offers the 1,605-hour AEC "Protection de la faune". According to the college, you need this AEC and the training at the Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier centre to practise. Québec.ca also accepts two years of relevant experience in place of the year of postsecondary studies. The DEP 5179 Protection et exploitation de territoires fauniques is 1,320 hours long, according to Inforoute FPT.

Wildlife protection officer training

The paid training lasts about 19 weeks at the Centre de formation et de perfectionnement de la protection de la faune, in Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier. It includes two weeks of upgrading in survival and first aid in remote areas, then about seventeen weeks of initial training. The officer then returns to their region to work in the field, with a mentor. This path differs from that of the ENPQ in Nicolet.

Wildlife officer salary

The 2020-2023 agreement has eight steps in the nominal class (class 10) and three in the principal class (class 5), for 40 hours a week. These are annual rates in effect from October 2, 2022.

These rates date from 2022 and the current job posting is the authority for the current rate. Since no more recent scale is readable, Job Bank gives a benchmark. For the occupation "fish and wildlife officer" (NOC 22113), broader than wildlife protection officer, the median hourly wage in Quebec is $33.46 (wages updated November 19, 2025).

Recruitment

Postings appear on the public service job platform.

Frequently asked questions

How do you become a wildlife officer?

You need a secondary school diploma, one year of relevant postsecondary studies or two years of experience, a class 4A licence, French and Canadian citizenship or permanent residence. Next come the tests, the medical exam, the security check and about 19 weeks of paid training.

What is a wildlife officer's salary in Quebec?

The latest scale published by the Conseil du trésor runs from $51,930 to $77,059 a year, rates in effect since October 2, 2022. Job Bank shows a median hourly wage of $33.46 for fish and wildlife officers, based on wages updated November 19, 2025.

How do you reach a wildlife officer?

To report poaching, call SOS Braconnage at 1 800 463-2191, 24 hours a day. Note the nature of the facts, the date and the place. Do not touch any object at the scene.

What are the powers of a wildlife protection assistant?

Under section 8 of the Act, the assistant supports the officers. They do not exercise the powers of chapters II and III of the Code de procédure pénale, except the one in section 72.

Is a wildlife protection officer a police officer?

Section 6 makes the officer a peace officer for the exercise of their duties. They are subject to the Code de déontologie des policiers du Québec.

How long is wildlife protection officer training?

About 19 weeks, according to Québec.ca. Two weeks of upgrading come before about seventeen weeks of initial training in Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier.

Sources

• Gouvernement du Québec, Le travail des agents de protection de la faune, quebec.ca, updated March 23, 2026, consulted on November 5, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Signaler un acte de braconnage à SOS Braconnage, quebec.ca, updated October 31, 2025, consulted on November 5, 2026
• Publications du Québec, Act respecting the conservation and development of wildlife, chapter C-61.1, sections 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8, up to date as of October 15, 2026, consulted on November 5, 2026
• Conseil du trésor, Convention collective de travail des agentes et agents de protection de la faune 2020-2023, appendix C, rates from October 2, 2022, consulted on November 5, 2026
• Employment and Social Development Canada, Agent/agente de la pêche et de la faune au Québec, Job Bank, wages updated November 19, 2025, consulted on November 5, 2026
• Collège d'Alma, Protection de la faune (AEC), consulted on November 5, 2026
• Inforoute FPT, Protection et exploitation de territoires fauniques (5179), consulted on November 5, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Emplois en ligne, public service job platform, consulted on November 5, 2026

As of October 27, 2026, a trainee border services officer at the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) earns an annual salary of $80,344 to $89,462 (about $41.06 to $45.72 an hour, class FB-02), according to its "Description d'emploi, salaire et avantages" page, last modified February 19, 2026. The customs officer's official title is border services officer (BSO). This federal job does not go through the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy). For another federal employer, see our article on RCMP recruitment. This text applies to women and men alike.

Customs officer or border services officer

"Douanier" (customs officer) is the word readers type. The CBSA uses "agent des services frontaliers" (border services officer). The Loi sur les douanes defines an "officer" or "customs officer" as any person assigned to administer or enforce the Act (subsection 2(1)).

What a customs officer does

The CBSA describes the work of a border services officer in five parts.

• Fighting terrorism, crime, illegal immigration and wildlife trafficking
• Enforcing more than 90 laws and regulations related to trade
• Collecting duties and taxes on imported goods
• Keeping out narcotics, weapons, obscene material and other prohibited goods
• Protecting the country from human, animal and plant diseases

Officers work at about 1,200 points of service across the country: road border crossings, airports, marine and rail terminals, mail facilities. The work is sometimes done in bad weather.

Requirements to become a customs officer

The "Déterminez si vous êtes admissible à devenir agent des services frontaliers" page (last modified September 9, 2026) sets the conditions to meet when you apply.

• Be at least 18 years old to start the basic training program. There is no maximum age
• Hold a high school diploma or the equivalent
• Hold a valid, unrestricted Canadian driver's licence
• Obtain the required security clearance
• Agree to work anywhere in Canada, wherever the CBSA needs you most

A bilingualism premium may be added to the salary for a bilingual position. The assessment process includes an entrance exam and a physical aptitude test, according to the candidate assessment page. You apply on the GC Jobs site, through the link on the CBSA recruitment page (see our article on CBSA hiring).

Training, step by step

The "Formation et perfectionnement après recrutement" page (last modified July 17, 2026) describes three stages.

• Three weeks of distance learning, online, at about 5 hours a day
• Fifteen weeks in residence at the Canada Border Services College in Rigaud, Quebec
• From 12 to 18 months of on-the-job development, at the port of entry assigned by the CBSA, in the trainee officer position (FB-02)

Training in residence covers, among other things, inspection, seizure, detention, arrest and the handling of service firearms. The College provides lodging and meals. The CBSA pays one round trip and an allowance of $525 a week. The College page, last modified July 6, 2023, states 14 weeks of residence. The selection process steps page, last modified March 10, 2026, still gives 4 weeks online and 14 weeks in residence. The training page, last modified July 17, 2026, is the most recent.

The security screening and the language test

The selection process can take up to 18 months, according to the CBSA steps page. Two steps often surprise candidates.

The security screening

Candidates must obtain an enhanced reliability status and a secret-level clearance during the selection process. They must keep it throughout their career at the CBSA. They consent to these checks.

• A telephone integrity interview
• A credit check
• Checks in police and security databases
• Digital fingerprints, at their own expense
• A form on their work history, skills, references and travel outside Canada

The second language test

The second language evaluation is mandatory for bilingual positions only. Candidates must speak, read and write their second official language at the intermediate level (BBB). The Public Service Commission offers preparation resources. A candidate who has already taken the evaluation can submit the results by following the CBSA's instructions.

A customs officer's salary

A customs officer's salary in Canada comes from the Border Services (FB) collective agreement, published by the Treasury Board. Its Appendix A sets these annual rates, in effect since June 21, 2025. A trainee officer is classified FB-02 and moves to FB-03 after the development program. The CBSA shows the same amounts on its job page, last modified February 19, 2026.

Source: Treasury Board of Canada, FB agreement, Appendix A, rates as of June 21, 2025. The agreement sets the normal work week at 37.5 hours (clause 25.06). The hourly rate is our own calculation: annual salary ÷ (37.5 hours × 52.18 weeks).

The agreement expired on June 20, 2026. According to the CBSA, rates may change when a new collective agreement is signed. Benefits include the public service health care, dental care and disability insurance plans, as well as the public service pension plan. Officers work rotating shifts, weekends and holidays included. They work overtime when needed. They wear a uniform.

This text is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Frequently asked questions

How do you become a customs officer in Quebec?

You must be 18, have a high school diploma, a valid unrestricted Canadian driver's licence and the required security clearance. You apply online, then come the entrance exam and the physical aptitude test. Training in residence takes place in Rigaud, Quebec. You can be posted anywhere in Canada.

What does a customs officer do?

They enforce more than 90 laws and regulations related to trade and collect duties and taxes on imported goods. They keep out prohibited goods and protect the country from human, animal and plant diseases. They also fight terrorism, crime and illegal immigration, according to the CBSA.

What is a customs officer's salary?

A trainee officer earns $80,344 to $89,462 a year, or about $41.06 to $45.72 an hour (FB-02). After the development program, a border services officer earns $86,915 to $103,079, or about $44.42 to $52.68 an hour (FB-03). These rates have been in effect since June 21, 2025 under the Treasury Board agreement.

What is a customs officer's salary in Canada?

The CBSA job page presents a single scale for its recruitment and makes no distinction between regions. Officers can be posted anywhere in the country. The annual salary runs from $80,344 for a trainee (about $41.06 an hour) to $103,079 at the top of class FB-03 (about $52.68 an hour).

What is a border services officer's salary?

The official title is border services officer (agent des services frontaliers). The salary is $86,915 to $103,079 a year once the development program is completed, or about $44.42 to $52.68 an hour (FB-03). A bilingualism premium may be added in a bilingual position.

Do you need to be bilingual to become a customs officer?

No, not for every position. The CBSA requires the intermediate level (BBB) in the second official language for bilingual positions only. These positions are eligible for a bilingualism premium.

Where and for how long is customs officer training?

It includes three weeks online, then fifteen weeks at the Canada Border Services College in Rigaud. From 12 to 18 months of on-the-job development follow. The allowance in residence is $525 a week.

Sources

• Agence des services frontaliers du Canada, Description d'emploi, salaire et avantages, page last modified February 19, 2026, consulted on October 27, 2026
• Agence des services frontaliers du Canada, Déterminez si vous êtes admissible à devenir agent des services frontaliers, page last modified September 9, 2026, consulted on October 27, 2026
• Agence des services frontaliers du Canada, Formation et perfectionnement après recrutement, page last modified July 17, 2026, consulted on October 27, 2026
• Treasury Board of Canada, Border Services (FB), agreement between the Treasury Board and the Public Service Alliance of Canada, expiry date June 20, 2026, clause 25.06 and Appendix A, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Agence des services frontaliers du Canada, Étapes et échéanciers du processus de sélection, page last modified March 10, 2026, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Agence des services frontaliers du Canada, Processus d'évaluation des candidats, page last modified January 22, 2025, consulted on October 27, 2026
• Agence des services frontaliers du Canada, Le Collège des services frontaliers du Canada, page last modified July 6, 2023, consulted on October 27, 2026
• Parlement du Canada, Loi sur les douanes, R.S.C. 1985, c. 1 (2nd Supp.), subsection 2(1), last modified July 1, 2026, up to date as of September 30, 2026, consulted on October 27, 2026

As of October 20, 2026, the canine unit of the SPVM (Montreal police service) has 15 police dog handlers and 13 operational dogs, according to its "Escouade canine" page. A dog handler is a police officer first. At the SPVM, you need at least 4 years of seniority to become one. Jobs open to graduates are listed on our page police officer jobs in Quebec. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

Canine unit, dog team, dog handler

The Office québécois de la langue française defines the escouade canine (canine unit) as a group of police officers and dogs trained to assist them in their investigations. The French term is used almost exclusively in Quebec. The handler and the dog form a dog team.

A police officer position, not an entry point

You must first become a police officer, with the diploma of the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy). The path is described in our article on how to become a police officer. At the SPVM and the RCMP, the dog handler is then chosen among serving officers.

The collective agreement of the Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police) names three positions: dog handler, patrol dog handler and victim support dog investigator.

The missions of the canine team

At the SPVM, each dog receives general training, then a specialization in detecting drugs or explosives. The service's "Escouade canine" page lists its missions.

• Detecting drugs, explosives, firearms and money
• Searching for objects outdoors, such as stolen items or evidence
• Searching a building for a hidden suspect or a missing person
• Tracking a fleeing suspect or a missing person
• Supporting officers during high-risk interventions
• Patrolling parks, metro stations and large gatherings
• Supporting police forces that have no canine unit

The qualities required

The RCMP describes the dog handler it is looking for on its "Nos maîtres-chiens" page. The handler is a regular member and an above-average investigator. They work independently, are motivated and in good shape. They are patient, decisive and flexible. They control their emotions and stay even-tempered. They take responsibility for their dog's actions.

The SPVM also describes the dog it selects: perfect health, agility, sociability, courage, strength and perseverance. It generally weighs 25 to 35 kg. The breeds named are the German Shepherd, the Belgian Malinois and the Dutch Shepherd.

Becoming a dog handler at the SPVM

The SPVM "Formation" page sets three requirements for each dog handler.

• Hold at least a level II certificate in dog raising and training, issued by Certification Cyno-Professionnelle Canadienne
• Have at least 4 years of seniority at the SPVM
• Have passed every step of the selection process and the training program

The English version of the same page adds membership in the Association des maîtres de chiens policiers du Québec and the Canadian Police Canine Association.

The 2022 to 2026 collective agreement of Montreal police officers allows the Service to hold an annual selection process for the dog handler position (paragraph 7.01). Transfer requests are frozen on April 15 and the process starts on April 16.

Training the dog and the team

In Quebec, no police force has its dogs trained by a private institution, the SPVM writes. Training is always given by a police force in the province or elsewhere in Canada. At the SPVM, it has two stages.

• The puppy arrives at 8 to 10 weeks in a foster family made up of SPVM members, then is tested at around 8 months
• At around 2 years, the dog is assigned to its handler for full training lasting 105 days on average

The English version of the page gives other durations: a dog assigned at around one and a half years, 18 weeks of basic training and 5 weeks of specialization. The dog team then trains every day and must qualify every year in each of its disciplines.

Becoming a dog handler at the RCMP

The RCMP has more than 160 dog teams across Canada, according to its "Nos maîtres-chiens" page. A regular member who wants to become a dog handler must pass several steps.

• The imprinting course for potential police dogs, and imprinting puppies
• A course in map reading, compass orientation and satellite navigation
• The selection week for potential dog handlers
• The five-month specialized dog handler course, with their police dog

The RCMP Police Dog Service Training Centre is in Innisfail, Alberta. RCMP dog teams must qualify every year in all their profiles. RCMP police recruitment is explained in our article on RCMP recruitment.

The dog lives with the officer

Schedule S of the Montreal collective agreement provides that the dog lives permanently at the handler's home, except during annual vacation. The handler must live in a home that allows an outdoor kennel and own a vehicle that can hold a cage. The Service provides the equipment and the food. When the dog retires, officers of the unit get first chance to acquire it.

A dog handler's salary

A dog handler earns the salary of their rank, detailed in our article on police officer salary. The agreements add amounts specific to the position.

• Sûreté du Québec: a monthly allowance of $233 since April 1, 2021 for housing, care, custody and supervision of the dog outside working hours (paragraph 15.02 of the 2022 to 2028 collective agreement)
• Sûreté du Québec: an adjustment of 2.5% of the salary scale from June 29, 2020 to December 31, 2024 (paragraph 11.12). Since January 1, 2025, Schedule B classifies the dog handler among specialist constables
• SPVM: the patrol premium, paid to dog handlers, has been 2.0% since January 1, 2026 (paragraph 3.06 of the 2022 to 2026 agreement)

This text is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Frequently asked questions

How do you become a police dog handler?

You must first become a police officer, then apply to your police force's internal selection. The SPVM requires at least 4 years of seniority and a level II certificate in dog training. The RCMP requires you to be a regular member and to pass a five-month course with your dog.

What is a police dog handler's salary?

A dog handler earns the salary of their police rank. At the Sûreté du Québec, they also receive an allowance of $233 a month for keeping the dog. At the SPVM, the 2.0% patrol premium has applied to the position since January 1, 2026.

What training do you need to become a dog handler in Quebec?

The basic training is the same as for any police officer, with the diploma of the École nationale de police du Québec. At the SPVM, the dog handler must also hold a level II certificate in dog raising and training. Training with the dog lasts 105 days on average.

What is a canine brigade?

It is a group of police officers and dogs trained to assist them in their investigations, according to the Office québécois de la langue française. In Quebec French, people mostly say escouade canine. The terms brigade canine and équipe cynophile are used elsewhere in the French-speaking world.

What are police with dogs called?

The officer is called a dog handler. The unit is called a canine unit or K9 unit, and the pair forms a dog team. The SPVM, the Sûreté du Québec and the RCMP each have their own.

How do you train a police dog?

Training is done by police forces themselves. In Quebec, no police force has its dogs trained by a private institution, according to the SPVM. The puppy first grows up in a foster family, then is trained with its handler.

Sources

• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Escouade canine, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Formation, consulted on October 20, 2026
• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Training, English version, consulted on October 20, 2026
• Ville de Montréal and Fraternité des policiers et policières de Montréal, Convention collective de travail 2022 à 2026, paragraphs 3.06 and 7.01, Schedule S, consulted on October 20, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Contrat de travail des membres de la Sûreté du Québec, 2022 à 2028, administrative version, Order in Council 1646-2024 of November 20, 2024, paragraphs 11.12 and 15.02, Schedule B, consulted on October 20, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Nos maîtres-chiens, page modified May 23, 2024, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Centre de dressage des chiens de police, page modified May 30, 2024, consulted on October 20, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Contactez le Centre de dressage des chiens de police, page modified May 20, 2025, consulted on October 20, 2026
• Office québécois de la langue française, escouade canine, Grand dictionnaire terminologique, 2001 record, consulted on October 20, 2026

A police cadet at the SPVM (Montreal police service) holds a summer job paid $22.67 an hour in 2026, according to the "Cadet" page of the SPVM recruitment site. The cadet is not a police officer. The cadet supports police operations, mainly from early June to late August. This text applies to women and men cadets alike.

A support job, not a police officer position

The SPVM presents the program as a way to gain field experience and see whether police work suits you. The recrutementspvm.ca site is the one linked from the spvm.qc.ca home page.

In summer, the cadet works full-time, at the Urban Brigade, on traffic or on other assignments depending on needs. The rest of the year, the cadet works only on certain local prevention programs and at mandatory events, such as the Saint Patrick's Day parade, the Montreal Marathon and the Santa Claus parade.

A police cadet's duties

• Preventive foot and bike patrols
• Assignment to the Info-Crime program
• Parking tickets
• Visitor control
• Local prevention programs, such as distributing leaflets, courtesy tickets and property engraving
• Information to the community about prevention programs
• Writing up complaints
• Video surveillance
• Redirecting traffic, controlling peaceful crowds and informing citizens during sporting, cultural and public events

Admission requirements

The "Critères de sélection" page lists the following conditions.

• Have at least one year of significant work or volunteer experience
• Have a good knowledge of French and a working knowledge of English
• Meet the security clearance requirements
• Be available from early June to late August to work an average of 35 hours a week, on a variable schedule of days, evenings and occasionally nights
• Be enrolled in a CEGEP or university program, or hold a DEP (vocational diploma) or a university degree

The SPVM does not require enrolment in Police Technology. Any college or university program is accepted. The training that leads to the profession is described in our article on Police Technology.

Selection

The candidate must pass every step of the process.

• The selection interview, which assesses five competencies: analyzing, collaborating with the team, communicating, committing and serving all populations
• The security clearance, a security and integrity investigation

The SPVM adds that cadets who stand out through their work may be prioritized in the selection process and hired faster as neighbourhood officers. The steps to become a police officer are in our article on how to become a police officer.

Training

The SPVM provides paid training of up to 45 hours. It also supplies the required uniforms and equipment.

Pay

The French page of the program shows pay of $22.67 an hour for 2026. The English page of the same site still shows $21.83 an hour, a 2021 rate. A police officer's salary is covered in our article on police officer salary.

How and when to apply

The "Comment faire une demande d'emploi" page asks you to email the SPVM a résumé and proof of student status, such as a class schedule or a letter from the registrar, or a copy of your college or university diploma. The email subject names the process and the summer in question.

As of October 17, 2026, the program pages state that cadet recruitment is closed for the summer 2026 period. The SPVM does not publish the opening date of the next recruitment.

What the SPVM does not publish

The SPVM publishes no minimum age, no driver's licence requirement, no number of cadets hired and no exact start and end dates of employment. Other police forces also have cadets: the Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police) "Cadets" page announces more than two hundred cadets for 2027. Other jobs in the field are gathered on our police officer jobs page.

Frequently asked questions

What is an SPVM cadet's pay?

The SPVM recruitment page shows $22.67 an hour for 2026. The training, up to 45 hours, is also paid.

Do you have to study Police Technology to be an SPVM cadet?

No. The SPVM requires enrolment in a CEGEP or university program, or a DEP or a university degree. No specific program is required.

Is a police cadet a police officer?

No. The cadet supports police operations, for example on preventive patrol, on traffic or in prevention. The cadet can issue parking tickets.

When do you apply to be an SPVM cadet?

Recruitment for summer 2026 is closed. The SPVM does not publish the opening date of the next recruitment. The "Cadet" page of recrutementspvm.ca is the one to watch.

How many hours does a police cadet work?

The SPVM requires availability from early June to late August to work an average of 35 hours a week. The schedule varies, with days, evenings and occasionally nights.

Does being a cadet help you become an SPVM police officer?

The SPVM writes that cadets who stand out may be prioritized in the selection process and hired faster as neighbourhood officers. The full path to the police profession still applies.

Sources

• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Cadet, Découvrir le travail de cadet policier, 2026 pay, consulted on October 17, 2026
• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Cadet, English version, 2021 rate, consulted on October 17, 2026
• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Critères de sélection, consulted on October 17, 2026
• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Comment faire une demande d'emploi, consulted on October 17, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Cadets, page modified September 11, 2026, consulted on October 17, 2026

In Quebec, a criminal record check or background check is done through the police force that serves your area or, for the criminal record itself, through fingerprints sent to the RCMP. The RCMP federal fees are $25 and the SPVM charges $121. The Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police) describes three types of checks on its page « Vérification du casier et des antécédents judiciaires ». For a future police officer, the question is central: the Police Act requires that you have not been found guilty of a criminal offence. In this text, "police officer" refers to women and men alike.

The Sûreté du Québec's three checks

• The background check of people who work with a vulnerable clientele (VAPV), for example in a childcare centre
• The background check required by a Quebec law or regulation (VAJ), notably for paid passenger transportation by automobile, teaching, private security and peace officers. The request goes through the organization that requires the check
• The criminal record check for civil purposes, requested for citizenship, immigration, a record suspension, a visa, a work permit, pre-employment or a certificate of good conduct

Criminal record or background: the difference

The criminal record check for civil purposes is done with fingerprints. The Sûreté's procedure states that citizens must use a firm accredited by the RCMP and pay fees.

The check for a vulnerable clientele goes further. According to the Sûreté's procedure, the police service looks for behaviours that may pose a risk to the people served. It also looks for a match with a suspended criminal record that contains sexual or violent offences.

Working with vulnerable people

The organization gives you a consent form, which is sent to the Sûreté. Its processing time is 10 to 15 business days when fingerprints are not needed.

If there is a possible match with a suspended record, the police service asks for your consent to take your fingerprints. For volunteer work, the Sûreté takes the fingerprints and sends them to the RCMP free of charge. For paid employment, you go through a firm accredited by the RCMP with form SQ-3085, and you pay its fees.

What municipal police forces do

The SPVM (Montreal police service) offers these checks by appointment at its Module Vérification d'antécédents, at 4949 Molson Street in Montreal. Its page « Vérifications : services disponibles aux particuliers » asks for two pieces of identification. The SPVM does not take fingerprints and refers people to companies accredited by the RCMP.

Elsewhere, the process goes through the police force that serves your municipality.

Published fees

Source: Sûreté du Québec, SPVM and RCMP pages consulted on October 15, 2026. The SPVM pages show no update date.

The RCMP fingerprint check

The RCMP page « Délais de traitement et frais » gives two processing times for fingerprints submitted electronically: 3 business days or less with no match, and 120 business days if manual processing is required or a possible match exists. The $25 federal fees do not apply to a citizenship or immigration application.

In Bas-Saint-Laurent, Gaspésie and Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Abitibi-Témiscamingue and Côte-Nord, where there is no private firm, the Sûreté takes the fingerprints itself.

Record suspension

The Parole Board of Canada writes that a record suspension keeps separate the record of people found guilty who have completed their sentence. It does not erase the conviction. The application fee has been $50 since January 1, 2022. Waiting periods vary with the offence and its date, and are listed on the page « Qui peut demander une suspension du casier ».

The link with police work

Section 115 of the Police Act sets the minimum conditions to be hired as a police officer. Paragraph 3 requires that you have not been found guilty, anywhere, of an act or omission that the Criminal Code describes as an offence. The steps to the job are in our article on becoming a police officer.

This text summarizes public documents. It is not legal advice.

Further reading

• Sûreté du Québec: police officer recruitment, step by step
• Sûreté du Québec: phone numbers to reach a police officer
• Police officer job postings

Frequently asked questions

What is a background check?

It is a search done by a police service on a person, with that person's consent. The Sûreté du Québec describes three types, presented above.

How does a criminal background check work in Quebec?

For a vulnerable clientele, the organization gives you a consent form that is sent to the police service. For the criminal record check for civil purposes, a firm accredited by the RCMP takes your fingerprints and sends them to the RCMP.

How long does it take to get a criminal background check?

The Sûreté du Québec states 10 to 15 business days for a vulnerable clientele when fingerprints are not needed. The RCMP states 3 business days or less with no match, and 120 business days with manual processing or a possible match.

Where can I get a free criminal record check?

For volunteer work with a vulnerable clientele, the Sûreté du Québec takes the fingerprints and sends them to the RCMP free of charge. The RCMP also provides an exemption from its federal fees for volunteer work in Canada, with a letter from the organization.

How can I check someone's criminal record?

The processes described by the Sûreté du Québec and the SPVM start with the person concerned. That person signs the consent form or shows up with their identification. An organization can enter into a memorandum of understanding with its local police service.

Can you become a police officer with a criminal record?

Section 115 of the Police Act requires, to be hired as a police officer, that you have not been found guilty of an act or omission that the Criminal Code describes as an offence. The Act adds "anywhere".

What are the requirements to become a police officer in Quebec?

Section 115 of the Police Act sets four minimum conditions: be a Canadian citizen, be of good moral character, not have been found guilty of a criminal offence and hold the police patrol diploma from the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy).

Sources

• Sûreté du Québec, Vérification du casier et des antécédents judiciaires, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Procédure : vérification des antécédents judiciaires des personnes œuvrant auprès d'une clientèle vulnérable, undated PDF, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Procédure : vérification du casier judiciaire à des fins civiles, undated PDF, consulted on October 15, 2026
• SPVM, Vérifications : services disponibles aux particuliers, consulted on October 15, 2026
• SPVM, Vérification des antécédents, consulted on October 15, 2026
• RCMP, Délais de traitement et frais, page modified on May 21, 2025, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Parole Board of Canada, Qu'est-ce que la suspension du casier, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Parole Board of Canada, Mises à jour pour les demandeurs, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Parole Board of Canada, Qui peut demander une suspension du casier, consulted on October 15, 2026
• LégisQuébec, Police Act, chapter P-13.1, section 115, up to date as of August 12, 2026

Quebec's Police Act (chapter P-13.1) governs the work of a police officer: training, police forces, hiring conditions, ethics and the oversight of police activity. This text summarizes the act title by title, based on the version up to date as of August 12, 2026 on LégisQuébec. It applies to women and men police officers alike.

Where to find what in the act

The ranges follow the LégisQuébec table of contents, up to date as of August 12, 2026.

Title I: training

Section 7 establishes the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy). Under section 10, the École has exclusive responsibility for initial training in police patrol, investigation and police management, except training acquired in a DEC (college diploma) or an AEC (attestation of college studies) in Police Technology.

Title II: police forces

The mission

Police forces and each of their members have the mission of maintaining peace, order and public security, preventing and repressing crime and identifying offenders (section 48). In conducting investigations, they act completely independently. Police officers are peace officers throughout Quebec (section 49).

The Sûreté du Québec

The Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police) is the national police force. It acts under the authority of the Minister of Public Security and has jurisdiction throughout Quebec (section 50).

Municipal forces and levels of service

The territory of every local municipality falls under the jurisdiction of a police force (section 70). A municipal force provides a level of service based on the population served:

• Level 1: fewer than 100,000 inhabitants
• Level 2: 100,000 to 249,999 inhabitants
• Level 3: 250,000 to 499,999 inhabitants
• Level 4: 500,000 to 999,999 inhabitants
• Level 5: 1,000,000 inhabitants or more

The Sûreté du Québec provides level 6 services (section 70). In the Montreal and Quebec City metropolitan communities, the municipal force provides at least level 2 (section 71). Outside metropolitan areas, a municipality of 50,000 inhabitants or more has a municipal force, and a smaller municipality is served by the Sûreté (section 72).

Indigenous police forces

One or more Indigenous communities, each represented by its band council, may enter into an agreement with the government to establish or maintain a police force (section 90). These police forces are not required to provide one of the levels in section 70 (section 72).

Special constables

Special constables have a mission similar to that of police officers, within the limits of their instrument of appointment (section 105). They are peace officers within those limits (section 106).

Title III: becoming and remaining a police officer

Section 115 sets the minimum hiring conditions:

• Be a Canadian citizen
• Be of good moral character
• Not have been found guilty of a Criminal Code offence, in any place
• Hold the police patrol diploma of the École nationale de police du Québec, or meet its equivalence standards

The full path is described in How to become a police officer in Quebec.

The function of police officer is incompatible with those of bailiff, collection agent and with functions that require a licence under the Loi sur la sécurité privée (section 117). A police officer who holds another job or earns other income from property or a business discloses it to the director, and submits a report every year before April 1 (section 118). Section 119 provides for the dismissal of a police officer found guilty of certain criminal acts.

Title IV: ethics and discipline

The Commissaire à la déontologie policière receives and examines complaints and reports against a police officer (section 128). The Tribunal administratif de déontologie policière rules on ethics citations (section 194). The Code de déontologie des policiers du Québec is adopted by government regulation (section 127).

Title V: external oversight

The minister provides a general inspection service for police forces (section 268) and may investigate any police force (section 279). An independent investigation is held when a person, other than an on-duty police officer, dies, suffers a serious injury or is injured by a firearm used by a police officer during an intervention or detention (section 289.1). The Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes is a specialized police force responsible for these investigations (section 289.5).

Title VI: the Minister of Public Security

The minister determines the main policy directions for police organization and crime prevention (section 304). Section 356 makes the minister responsible for the administration of the act.

This text summarizes the act in plain language. It is neither legal advice nor union advice. Only the text published on LégisQuébec is authoritative.

Further reading

• UPAC: the anti-corruption police investigator in Quebec
• GTI: the tactical intervention group for police officers in Quebec
• Police officer job postings

Frequently asked questions

What law governs the police in Quebec?

It is the Police Act, chapter P-13.1 of the laws of Quebec. It governs training, the organization of police forces, conditions of practice, ethics and external oversight. The Minister of Public Security is responsible for its administration (section 356).

What is the new Police Act?

The Police Act dates from 2000 (chapter 12 of the statutes of 2000) and is amended regularly. The LégisQuébec historical notes show many amendments made in 2023 (chapter 20 of the statutes of 2023). The version up to date as of August 12, 2026 includes these changes.

What does section 48 of the Police Act say?

It sets the mission of police forces: maintaining peace, order and public security, preventing and repressing crime and identifying offenders. It adds that police forces act completely independently in their investigations.

What does section 119 of the Police Act say?

It provides for the automatic dismissal of a police officer or special constable found guilty, by a final judgment, of a criminal act prosecutable only by indictment. For an offence also prosecutable by summary conviction, the sanction is dismissal, unless the officer shows that particular circumstances justify another sanction.

What does section 262 of the Police Act say?

A police officer met as a witness about a complaint against another police officer must provide a full statement and attest to being its author. The officer may be assisted by a lawyer. This statement cannot be used against the officer, except in a case of perjury.

Sources

• LégisQuébec, Police Act (chapter P-13.1), sections 7, 10, 48 to 50, 69 to 72, 90, 105, 106, 115, 117 to 119, 127, 128, 194, 262, 268, 279, 289.1, 289.5, 304 and 356, up to date as of August 12, 2026, consulted on October 15, 2026

The BEI, or Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes (Quebec's independent investigations bureau), is the specialized police force that conducts investigations when a police intervention in Quebec ends in a death or a serious injury. A police officer can work there as an investigator, on the condition of leaving their police force. In 2024-2025, it took on 64 independent investigations. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

What the law says

The Police Act (chapter P-13.1), up to date as of August 12, 2026 on LégisQuébec, devotes its chapter III.1 to independent investigations. Section 289.5 establishes the Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes. It makes it a specialized police force whose members are peace officers throughout Quebec.

According to the BEI website, the Act that established it was passed on May 9, 2013 and the Bureau began operating on June 27, 2016.

When the BEI investigates

Section 289.1 requires an independent investigation when a person, other than an on-duty police officer, is in one of these situations during a police intervention or while detained by a police force.

• The person dies
• The person suffers a serious injury
• The person is injured by a firearm used by a police officer

The same section provides for an investigation when the Bureau is informed of an allegation of a sexual offence committed by a police officer in the performance of their duties, unless the director considers it frivolous or unfounded.

In exceptional cases, the minister may also instruct the Bureau to investigate another event involving a peace officer (section 289.3). The BEI annual report adds allegations of a criminal offence against a police officer when the victim or complainant is a member of the First Nations or Inuit.

How an investigation unfolds

The director of the police force responsible for the intervention or the detention must inform the Bureau without delay (section 289.2). The BEI director appoints a lead investigator for each investigation. That investigator cannot lead an investigation into a police force of which they were a member or employee (section 289.19).

Once the investigation is completed, the director sends the file to the Directeur des poursuites criminelles et pénales (Quebec's public prosecutor) and, where applicable, to the coroner, the Commissaire à la déontologie policière, the internal affairs of the police force or the Protecteur du citoyen (section 289.3.1). The Directeur des poursuites criminelles et pénales decides whether or not to lay charges.

The director may end an investigation if convinced that the police intervention did not contribute to the death or serious injury, unless public confidence in police officers could be seriously compromised (section 289.1.1). The director must then make the reasons public (section 289.21.1).

Who works there

Section 289.5 lists the members of the Bureau.

• A director and an assistant director
• Investigation coordinators
• Investigation supervisors
• Investigators

The director and the assistant director are retired judges or lawyers who have been members of the Barreau du Québec for at least 15 years. They must never have been peace officers, except as members of the Bureau (section 289.9).

The director promotes parity between investigators who have never been peace officers and those who have (section 289.10). An investigator cannot be a peace officer, except as a member of the Bureau (section 289.11).

The 2024-2025 figures

The BEI Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025 covers the fiscal year from April 1, 2024 to March 31, 2025.

Source: Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes, Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025, page 11 (key figures) and page 29.

According to the same report, 445 independent investigations have been launched since 2016-2017. The undated "Profil et sélection" page of the website mentions a team of 32 investigators.

Becoming a BEI investigator

The "Faire carrière au BEI" page gives the prerequisites, drawn from section 289.11 of the Act.

• Be a Canadian citizen
• Be of good moral character
• Not have been found guilty of a Criminal Code offence

A candidate who is or was a peace officer must have at least 5 years of experience in investigations into crimes against the person. A candidate who is a police officer when applying commits to resigning upon hiring. A candidate who has never been a peace officer must hold an undergraduate university degree in a relevant discipline. Everyone hired takes the BEI investigator training program.

Calls for applications appear in the news section of the website. Candidates undergo a security check, according to the "Profil et sélection" page.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Further reading

• UPAC: Quebec's anti-corruption unit
• How to become a police officer in Quebec: the path step by step
• Police officer jobs

Frequently asked questions

Who is the BEI?

The BEI is the Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes, established by section 289.5 of the Police Act. It is a specialized police force. It investigates when a person dies, suffers a serious injury or is injured by a police officer's firearm during a police intervention or a detention.

Is it possible to become an investigator without being a police officer?

Yes, at the BEI. The Act aims for parity there between civilian investigators and former peace officers. A candidate who has never been a peace officer must hold an undergraduate university degree in a relevant discipline.

How do you become an investigator in Quebec?

At the BEI, you must meet the conditions of section 289.11 of the Police Act, then answer a call for applications published on the Bureau's website. A former police officer must have 5 years of experience in investigations into crimes against the person.

What does section 262 of the Police Act say?

Section 262 requires a police officer met as a witness about a complaint against another police officer to provide a full statement and attest to being its author. The officer may be assisted by a lawyer. The statement cannot be used against them, except in a prosecution for perjury.

What does section 119 of the Police Act say?

Section 119 provides for the automatic dismissal of a police officer or special constable found guilty of an act referred to in paragraph 3 of section 115 that is prosecutable only by indictment.

How many investigations did the BEI open in 2024-2025?

The BEI 2024-2025 annual report counts 64 independent investigations taken on. Another 54 investigations into allegations of criminal offences were added.

Sources

• LégisQuébec, Police Act (chapter P-13.1), sections 119, 262 and 289.1 to 289.27, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes, Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025, 2025, pages 10, 11, 28, 29, 33 and 34
• Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes, Historique, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes, Diffusion de l'information, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes, Faire carrière au BEI, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes, Profil et sélection, consulted on October 15, 2026

Police ethics in Quebec govern how a police officer behaves in dealings with the public. The system rests on the Code de déontologie des policiers du Québec (the police code of ethics), on the Commissaire à la déontologie policière (Police Ethics Commissioner), who receives each complaint, and on the Tribunal administratif de déontologie policière (police ethics tribunal), which imposes sanctions. The Commissioner received 2,734 complaints in 2024-2025. This text applies to women and men alike.

Who is covered

Section 126 of the Police Act (chapter P-13.1), up to date as of August 12, 2026 on LégisQuébec, applies the chapter on ethics to several groups.

• Every police officer
• Every wildlife protection officer, a peace officer under the Act respecting the conservation and development of wildlife
• Every special constable
• Every highway safety officer
• Every person in authority over these people

The Commissioner's annual report adds the senior officers and investigators of the Anti-Corruption Commissioner, UPAC (Quebec's anti-corruption unit), and of the Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes. A police officer who resigns, is dismissed or retires remains subject to the Commissioner for acts committed while on duty (section 151).

The police code of ethics

The Code de déontologie des policiers du Québec (P-13.1, r. 1), up to date as of June 1, 2026, sets out the duties and standards of conduct of police officers in their relations with the public (section 1). Any breach is a derogatory act that may lead to a sanction (section 4). Its main duties read as follows.

• Section 5: behave in a way that preserves the trust and respect the position requires, for example identifying oneself on request and staying polite
• Section 6: avoid any form of abuse of authority, including using more force than necessary
• Section 7: respect the authority of the law and the courts and cooperate in the administration of justice
• Section 8: perform duties with integrity
• Section 9: act with disinterest and impartiality and avoid conflicts of interest
• Section 10: respect the rights of any person in custody
• Section 11: use a weapon and any other equipment with care and judgment

The Police Ethics Commissioner

The Commissioner receives and examines complaints and reports, and plays a prevention and education role (section 128 of the Police Act). The government appoints the Commissioner from among lawyers who have been members of the Bar for at least 10 years (section 129), for a renewable term of up to five years (section 130). According to the highlights of its Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025, it has 57 staff members, split between Quebec City and Montreal.

Filing a complaint

A person present during a police intervention, or targeted by the officer's conduct, may file a complaint. Anyone else may file a report, anonymously if needed (section 143). A complaint is made in writing or, if the Commissioner allows it, orally. The deontologie-policiere.gouv.qc.ca site offers an online form. The Commissioner's staff must help anyone who asks to put their complaint into words (section 144).

The deadline is one year from the event or from learning of it (section 150).

The steps

• Preliminary analysis: within 40 days, the Commissioner decides to send the complaint to conciliation, to keep it under its own authority or to reject it (section 149)
• Conciliation: every complaint goes to conciliation, with some exceptions, and the work must be completed within 45 days (sections 147 and 159). The conciliator cannot be or have been a police officer (section 154). A settled complaint is not mentioned in the officer's file (section 163)
• Investigation: it establishes whether there are grounds for a citation (section 167). The report is due within six months, barring exceptional circumstances (section 176)
• Decision: the Commissioner rejects the complaint, cites the officer before the Tribunal or sends the file to the Director of Criminal and Penal Prosecutions (section 178)

The complainant may ask the Tribunal to review a rejection after investigation, within 30 days (section 181).

The Tribunal and sanctions

The Tribunal administratif de déontologie policière has exclusive jurisdiction over police ethics citations (section 194). It is made up of lawyers who have been members of the Bar for at least 10 years (section 198). Its site states that the Tribunal and the Commissioner are independent of each other. It reports 125 decisions rendered in 2024-2025.

Section 234 sets out the sanctions, for each count.

• A reprimand
• A suspension without pay of up to 60 working days
• A demotion
• A dismissal

The Tribunal may also impose training or a professional development course. An officer who has left the job may be declared unfit to work as a peace officer for up to five years. A final decision may be appealed, with leave, to the Court of Québec (section 241).

The 2024-2025 figures

The Commissioner's Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025 gives these results for the fiscal year.

Source: Commissaire à la déontologie policière, Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025, fiscal year ended March 31, 2025.

The report mentions an average of 228 complaints per month.

Ethics, criminal law and the BEI

A criminal complaint goes to a police force and the criminal courts, and the Commissioner itself refers the matter to the appropriate police force if it appears a criminal offence may have been committed (section 149). The Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes investigates when a person dies, is seriously injured or is injured by a firearm used by a police officer during an intervention or while in police custody (section 289.1).

This text summarizes public documents. It is not legal advice.

Learn more

• How to become a police officer in Quebec: the path step by step
• Police officer jobs in Quebec

Frequently asked questions

What is police ethics?

It is the set of duties and standards of conduct for police officers in their dealings with the public. These rules are in the Code de déontologie des policiers du Québec, adopted under the Police Act. The Police Ethics Commissioner and the Tribunal administratif de déontologie policière apply them.

How do you file a police ethics complaint?

The complaint goes to the Police Ethics Commissioner, in writing or, if it allows, orally. Its site offers an online form. The deadline is one year from the event or from learning of it.

What is a police officer not allowed to do?

The Code lists prohibitions in sections 5 to 11. For example, an officer must not use abusive language, refuse to show identification on request, use more force than necessary or point a weapon without justification. The full list is on LégisQuébec.

What does section 5 of the police code of ethics say?

It requires the officer to behave in a way that preserves the trust and respect the position requires. It notably prohibits obscene or abusive language, refusing to show identification, failing to wear the required identification, abusive remarks based on a ground of discrimination and lack of respect or courtesy.

Who is the Police Ethics Commissioner?

It is the body that receives complaints, headed by a lawyer who has been a member of the Bar for at least 10 years, appointed by the government for up to five years. It has 57 staff members according to its 2024-2025 report.

Where do you file a complaint against a police officer?

For the conduct of a police officer in Quebec, the ethics complaint goes to the Police Ethics Commissioner. A criminal complaint goes to a police force. The Commissioner also receives complaints against special constables, highway safety officers and wildlife protection officers.

Sources

• LégisQuébec, Code de déontologie des policiers du Québec (chapitre P-13.1, r. 1), sections 1 and 4 to 11, up to date as of June 1, 2026
• LégisQuébec, Police Act (chapter P-13.1), sections 126, 128 to 130, 143, 144, 147, 149, 150, 151, 154, 159, 163, 167, 176, 178, 181, 194, 198, 234, 241 and 289.1, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• Commissaire à la déontologie policière, Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025, pages 38 and 55 of the file, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Commissaire à la déontologie policière, Faits saillants, Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Commissaire à la déontologie policière, Accueil et formulaire de plainte en ligne, consulted on October 15, 2026
• Tribunal administratif de déontologie policière, Accueil, consulted on October 15, 2026

In an emergency, call 911. To speak with a Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police) police officer in a non-emergency, the phone number to call is that of the station serving your municipality. The Sûreté has been withdrawing its 310-4141 and *4141 lines since June 2026. Its "Nous joindre" page gives a general number, 514 598-4141. In this text, "police officer" refers to women and men police officers alike.

Emergency: 911

The Sûreté du Québec "Nous joindre" page says it at the top: "For any emergency, dial 9-1-1". It covers any emergency situation that threatens your safety, that of others, your property or the environment.

The Sûreté specifies that certain unorganized territories, certain Indigenous communities and Nord-du-Québec do not have direct access to 911.

Sûreté du Québec numbers

Source: Sûreté du Québec website, pages consulted on October 11, 2026.

310-4141 and *4141 are being withdrawn

The "Retrait des lignes 310-4141 et *4141" page announces the gradual withdrawal of these two lines, region by region, starting in June 2026. The Sûreté writes there that these lines will not be replaced.

During the transition, the lines remain accessible and play an automated message that directs you to the right service. In the exclusive towing zones of the highways in the metropolitan region, where signs show *4141, the Sûreté asks you to call 911 in case of a breakdown or collision.

Finding your station's number

The "Trouver votre poste" tool is on the Sûreté website. You enter the name of your municipality and it shows the station serving your territory. If your municipality is not listed, "Voir la carte" does a search by proximity.

The Sûreté has 120 stations, its "Relations avec les municipalités" page writes: main, auxiliary, secondary and highway stations.

The Centre de réponse aux citoyens

The Centre de réponse aux citoyens gives you a phone appointment with a police officer, without travelling. Its page cites minor collisions without injuries, mischief, fraud and theft under $5,000, and lost items. The appointment is set within less than 48 hours. To call, the Sûreté refers to the contact information on its "Nous joindre" page.

Reporting a crime: the Centrale de l'information criminelle

The Centrale de l'information criminelle answers at 1 800 659-4264, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Reporting there is confidential and anonymous. It also offers the "Signalement d'un crime" online form and the address cic@surete.qc.ca.

Two tricks to remember this number, on a phone keypad. The first: 1 800 659-4-AMI. The second: OK-X-GANG. These memory aids are ours, not the Sûreté's.

The Sûreté writes that it is not possible to file a complaint about a crime online. The victim of a criminal act contacts their local police station.

Writing to the Sûreté

The "Nous joindre" page offers online forms, including the request for information and the comment or suggestion. A request for information is handled within five business days. General Headquarters is at 1701, rue Parthenais, in Montreal.

The numbers 514 598-4848 and 1 877 598-4848 on the "Zone médias" page are those of the information officers. They are for media representatives.

Is your municipality served by the Sûreté?

The Sûreté serves 1042 municipalities and territories spread across 86 RCMs and equivalent territories, according to its "Relations avec les municipalités" page. Section 50 of the Police Act gives it jurisdiction throughout Quebec.

• Section 70 requires that the territory of every local municipality be served by a police force
• Section 71 assigns to a municipal police force the municipalities of the Montreal and Quebec City metropolitan communities and of the census metropolitan areas in Schedule E, except those of the RCMs of La Côte-de-Beaupré, La Jacques-Cartier, L'Île-d'Orléans and Vaudreuil-Soulanges, which are served by the Sûreté
• Section 72 assigns the other municipalities to a municipal force if their population is 50,000 or more, and to the Sûreté if it is under 50,000

The "Types de corps de police du Québec" page on Québec.ca, updated on May 22, 2026, writes that the Sûreté acts as the municipal police force for localities of fewer than 50,000 inhabitants, except Drummondville, Saint-Hyacinthe, Rimouski and Shawinigan. You can discover the job in our article becoming a police officer.

Criminal record checks and complaints against a police officer

The Sûreté's "Vérification du casier et des antécédents judiciaires" page describes three checks: for people who work with a vulnerable clientele, for those required by a Quebec law or regulation, and for the criminal record for civil purposes. For any further information, it refers you to the Sûreté station nearest you.

To file a complaint against a police officer, the Sûreté directs you to the Commissaire à la déontologie policière (Quebec's police ethics commissioner).

This text summarizes public documents. It is not legal advice.

Further reading

• Sûreté du Québec: police officer recruitment, step by step
• Contrôle routier Québec: mandate, inspection stations and the difference with a police officer

Frequently asked questions

How can I contact the Sûreté du Québec?

In an emergency, call 911. For a situation that is not urgent, the Sûreté asks you to contact your local station, whose number can be found with the "Trouver votre poste" tool. Its "Nous joindre" page also gives the general number 514 598-4141 and online forms.

How do you call the police in a non-emergency?

In a territory served by the Sûreté du Québec, you call the number of your local police station. The 310-4141 and *4141 lines have been gradually withdrawn since June 2026 and are not being replaced.

How do you phone the police?

911 is for emergencies. For anything else, the number depends on the police force serving your municipality: the local Sûreté du Québec station or your municipal police force. The police services directory on Québec.ca lists them.

What is the phone number of the police station in Quebec?

There is no single number. The Sûreté du Québec has 120 stations and each has its own. The "Trouver votre poste" tool shows the one for your municipality.

How can I speak with a police officer?

The Sûreté's Centre de réponse aux citoyens gives you a phone appointment with a police officer within less than 48 hours. If travel is needed, the call is forwarded to patrol.

How can I request access to information from the Sûreté du Québec?

The Sûreté's "Accès à l'information" page explains the process. For an event report or a call card that concerns you, you fill out form SQ-3210 and attach a copy of a piece of photo ID with a signature. An event certificate is requested from the Sûreté station in your municipality.

Sources

• Sûreté du Québec, Nous joindre, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Trouver votre poste, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Retrait des lignes 310-4141 et *4141, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Centrale de l'information criminelle, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Centre de réponse aux citoyens, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Relations avec les municipalités, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Zone médias, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Vérification du casier et des antécédents judiciaires, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Accès à l'information, consulted on October 11, 2026
• LégisQuébec, Police Act, chapter P-13.1, sections 50 and 70 to 72, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Types de corps de police du Québec, up to date as of May 22, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Trouver un service de police, up to date as of February 23, 2023

SQ police recruitment at the Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police) goes through a single online posting, "Policière ou policier 2026-2027", posted from April 1, 2026 to March 31, 2027. The police officer hired signs a mobility consent, receives a posting according to the organization's needs and serves 12 months of probation. The entry salary is $57,222 a year as of April 1, 2026 (about $27.42 an hour), according to the employment contract. The hourly rate is our own calculation based on 40 hours a week. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

The role of the Sûreté du Québec

Section 50 of the Police Act (chapter P-13.1) makes the Sûreté du Québec the national police force, under the authority of the Minister of Public Security. It has jurisdiction to prevent and repress offences against laws throughout Quebec, and offences against municipal by-laws where it provides police services.

Candidate profiles

The Sûreté's "Recrutement policier" page asks you to choose a profile. Each has its own rules.

• A graduate of the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy) can apply at any time
• A future graduate applies as soon as they receive their letter of invitation to an École cohort
• An experienced police officer from another province must obtain a certificate of equivalency from the École before being hired
• A candidate for the AEC Diversité policière program holds a bachelor's degree or a DEC in any field
• A senior police officer has 28 years of service in a Canadian police force

The academic path to the École is described in our article on the steps to become a police officer and in the one on the École nationale de police.

The AEC Diversité policière profile is closed to graduates and students of Police Technology in Quebec.

Eligibility criteria

• Have Canadian citizenship
• Be able to speak, read and write French
• Have a working knowledge of English
• Hold a valid Quebec driver's licence
• Not have been found guilty of an offence described in the Criminal Code
• Have a minimum visual acuity of 6/12 for the better eye and 6/30 for the other, or 6/18 for each eye, before correction

The steps of the recruitment process

• Eligibility: checking the online file and documents, including the eye examination report completed by an optometrist or ophthalmologist
• Review of applications, for profiles other than that of the École graduate
• The interview, about one hour long, on the competencies of the patrol officer profile
• The security check
• The overall review of the file by a selection committee
• The standardized physical abilities test, the ESAP
• The complete medical examination, done by a specialized firm

The French test is waived for anyone who passed the DEC uniform French exam. Otherwise, TÉLUQ does the assessment.

A missing document can lead to the file being closed for three months. After failing the interview, the candidate can apply again after one year. After a refusal at the overall review, the committee sets the waiting period and all steps must be redone.

The physical test and how long it is valid

The Sûreté accepts only the ESAP, with no equivalency. The Sûreté writes that a passed test is valid for 2 years, while the École gives 12 months for its own admission. The job posting sets the validity of the École's medical examination report at 1 year.

Where to apply

The application is filed on the recrutement.sq.gouv.qc.ca portal, under posting number POL_2026. The SAAQ driving record must be less than 6 months old.

Posting and mobility

A candidate who passes all the steps is placed on an eligibility list. The organization's needs take precedence over the candidate's expectations.

If the posting is more than 60 kilometres from the residence, the Sûreté pays all moving costs, including 3 days to look for housing. A police officer who receives their first posting can stay there for their whole career if they wish.

Probation and the welcome program

The new police officer is permanent from the time of hiring. They start as a patrol officer on a flexible schedule, with 12 months of probation. The welcome program includes 3 weeks of paid training.

Salary

The recruitment page still shows a starting salary of $48,386 as of April 1, 2021 (about $23.18 an hour), but Schedule T of the 2022-2028 employment contract sets the constable's entry salary at $57,222 as of April 1, 2026 (about $27.42 an hour). These hourly rates are our own calculation based on 40 hours a week. The full scale is in our article on a police officer's salary.

Civilian jobs at the Sûreté du Québec

The "Carrière civile" page refers to the Government of Quebec's Emplois en ligne platform, where you must choose "Sûreté du Québec" under the "Ministère et organisme" criterion. Two jobs are open there at all times: security guard, in Montreal and Quebec City, and emergency telecommunications support officer, in all regions.

What the page does not publish

The Sûreté publishes neither the number of police officers it hires, nor the number of applications received, nor the length of the process. The working conditions on the page are dated April 1, 2021.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Frequently asked questions

How do you get into the SQ?

You choose your profile on the Sûreté du Québec "Recrutement policier" page, then apply to the "Policière ou policier 2026-2027" posting on recrutement.sq.gouv.qc.ca. Then come the interview, the security check, the ESAP and the medical examination.

What are the steps to become a police officer?

At the Sûreté du Québec, the process includes eligibility, review of applications, the interview, the security check, the overall review of the file, the physical test and the medical examination. The selected candidate then receives their posting.

What is a Sûreté du Québec police officer's salary?

Schedule T of the 2022-2028 employment contract gives $57,222 a year at entry as of April 1, 2026, or about $27.42 an hour based on 40 hours a week (our own calculation). The recruitment page still shows $48,386 (about $23.18 an hour), a rate from April 1, 2021.

How do I track my SQ application?

You track it online on the recrutement.sq.gouv.qc.ca portal, the same one used to apply. The Sûreté du Québec writes that it contacts every candidate to give them the results, whether or not the application is accepted. The recruitment office answers at 514 596-7211 or, toll-free, at 1 888 596-7211.

How do I become an SQ cadet in 2027?

The Sûreté du Québec cadet program is for students and graduates of Police Technology. You must be available from May 30 to August 21, 2027 and hold a valid Quebec driver's licence as of May 1, 2027. The recruitment period for the 2027 edition ended on October 31, 2026. Cadets do foot or bicycle patrols, prevention and community relations.

Is it possible to become a police officer at 50?

The eligibility criteria published by the Sûreté du Québec mention no maximum age. The senior police officer profile targets people who already have 28 years of service as a police officer.

Do you have to move to work for the Sûreté du Québec?

Mobility is required and the candidate signs a mobility consent at the eligibility step. The Sûreté pays moving costs when the posting is more than 60 kilometres from the residence.

How long is the physical test valid for the Sûreté du Québec?

The Sûreté du Québec writes that a passed ESAP is valid for 2 years. The École nationale de police medical examination report is valid for 1 year according to the job posting.

Sources

• Sûreté du Québec, Recrutement policier, all profiles and all "Processus de recrutement" and "Conditions de travail" tabs, conditions dated April 1, 2021, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Policière ou policier 2026-2027, posting POL_2026, posted from April 1, 2026 to March 31, 2027, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Contrat de travail entre le gouvernement du Québec et l'Association des policières et policiers provinciaux du Québec, 1er avril 2022 au 31 mars 2028, administrative version, Schedule T, consulted on October 11, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Cadet(te), 2027 edition, recruitment closed on October 31, 2026, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Carrière civile, consulted on October 11, 2026
• LégisQuébec, Police Act, chapter P-13.1, section 50, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Étape 6, Effectuer l'ESAP-ENPQ Police 2017, 12-month validity, consulted on October 10, 2026

In Canada, every military police officer answers to a single head, the Canadian Forces Provost Marshal, described in sections 18.3 to 18.6 of the National Defence Act. A civilian commission oversees their conduct. It received 72 new misconduct complaints in 2025 according to its annual report. Enrolment, training and pay are described in our article on joining the military police as a military police officer. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

The Provost Marshal, head of the military police

Section 18.3 of the Act gives the Chief of the Defence Staff the power to appoint the Provost Marshal. Section 18.4 lists the Provost Marshal's responsibilities.

• Investigations conducted by any unit under their command
• Selection and training standards for military police candidates
• Professional and training standards for military police officers
• Investigations into breaches of these standards or of the Military Police Professional Code of Conduct

Section 18.5 places the Provost Marshal under the general supervision of the Vice Chief of the Defence Staff. The Vice Chief may issue written guidelines to the Provost Marshal, who in principle makes them available to the public. Section 18.6 requires the Provost Marshal to submit a report on their activities and those of the military police within three months after the end of each fiscal year.

The Canadian Forces Military Police Group

National Defence places the Canadian Forces Military Police Group among the organizations of the Vice Chief of the Defence Staff. Its canada.ca page writes that the military police is independent of the chain of command on law enforcement matters. Members who perform these functions are under the full command of the Provost Marshal.

The same page gives the contact information for detachments by province. It names three in Quebec.

• Bagotville
• Saint-Jean
• Valcartier

Montreal does not appear on this list.

The Canadian Forces National Investigation Service

The Canadian Forces National Investigation Service investigates serious and sensitive offences committed against National Defence property, its personnel and military members, in Canada and abroad. Its commanding officer reports directly to the Provost Marshal. Its Eastern Region covers Quebec and Nunavut.

Its jurisdiction: over whom and where

Section 156 of the National Defence Act allows a military police officer to detain or arrest without a warrant any person subject to the Code of Service Discipline, whatever their rank or status. Section 2 of the Criminal Code includes among peace officers the officers and non-commissioned members appointed for the purposes of that section 156.

According to canada.ca, the National Investigation Service exercises its authority wherever the Canadian Forces are based or deployed in the world. For a non-urgent crime, National Defence invites you to contact the nearest military police detachment or the police service in your area.

The Military Police Professional Code of Conduct

The Military Police Professional Code of Conduct is a federal regulation, SOR/2000-14, registered on December 16, 1999. Its section 4 sets out twelve prohibitions. Here are four.

• Knowingly and without good reason making an illegal arrest, detention, search or surveillance
• Knowingly using, permitting or ordering excessive force
• Acting in a discriminatory manner or being discourteous
• Taking reprisals against a person who makes a complaint

Section 7 requires a military police officer to report to their superior any breach of the Code by a colleague.

Reporting a crime to the military police

The contact page of the Canadian Forces Military Police Group, dated April 30, 2026, says where to turn.

• A crime in progress or a need for immediate help: 911
• A non-urgent crime or a complaint: the nearest military police detachment or the police service in your area
• A serious offence: the Canadian Forces National Investigation Service, at 1-877-763-3272 for the Eastern Region (Quebec and Nunavut)
• Drug information, anonymously: the Drug Info line, at 1-855-504-3784

The three detachments in Quebec can be reached at these numbers.

• Bagotville: 418-677-4000, ext. 7345
• Saint-Jean: 450-358-7011, ext. 7911
• Valcartier: 418-844-5000, ext. 7911

The National Investigation Service has its own victim assistance program. A complaint about the conduct of a military police officer follows a different path, described in the next section.

The Complaints Commission

Part IV of the National Defence Act creates the Military Police Complaints Commission. Section 250.1 sets its membership at no more than five members appointed by the Governor in Council for a term of up to five years.

The Act provides for two types of complaints. A conduct complaint, under section 250.18, is open to anyone. An interference complaint, under section 250.19, is reserved for a military police officer who believes that a military member or a senior official of the department has obstructed their investigation.

Section 250.26 first entrusts a conduct complaint to the Provost Marshal. A dissatisfied complainant may then ask the Commission for a review, and the Commission handles interference complaints itself.

Making a complaint

Section 250.2 sets the deadline at one year after the events, unless the Chairperson of the Commission grants an extension. The complaint is made in writing or orally to the Commission, the Provost Marshal or the Judge Advocate General. The Commission offers an online form and answers at 1-800-632-0566.

The 2025 figures

Source: Military Police Complaints Commission of Canada, Rapport annuel 2025, Statistics section.

Of the 59 recommendations in 2025, 30.5% were accepted, 37.3% were accepted in part and 32.2% were not.

This text summarizes laws and public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Frequently asked questions

What is the role of the military police?

The military police provides law enforcement in the Canadian Armed Forces. Section 18.4 of the National Defence Act gives its head, the Provost Marshal, responsibility for investigations conducted by its units and for the professional standards of military police officers.

Who leads the military police in Canada?

The Canadian Forces Provost Marshal. The Chief of the Defence Staff appoints them under section 18.3 of the National Defence Act. Section 18.5 places them under the general supervision of the Vice Chief of the Defence Staff.

What is the difference between the police and the military police?

The military police officer is a member of the Canadian Armed Forces appointed under section 156 of the National Defence Act, a federal law. Their arrest powers cover persons subject to the Code of Service Discipline. The path of a civilian police officer in Quebec is described in Becoming a police officer.

Is it possible to file a complaint against the police?

Yes, for the military police. Section 250.18 of the National Defence Act allows anyone, civilian or military, to file a complaint about the conduct of a military police officer in the performance of policing duties. No harm needs to be shown.

On what grounds can I file a complaint?

The Commission gives as examples the conduct of a military police officer during an investigation, law enforcement, an arrest or a detention. Section 4 of the Military Police Professional Code of Conduct prohibits, among other things, excessive force, discrimination and discourtesy.

How long do you have to file a complaint against a military police officer?

One year from the events, under section 250.2 of the National Defence Act. The Chairperson of the Commission may grant an extension at the complainant's request.

Sources

• Government of Canada, Loi sur la défense nationale, R.S.C. (1985), c. N-5, sections 18.3 to 18.6, 156 and 250 to 250.27, up to date as of September 21, 2026
• Government of Canada, Code de déontologie de la police militaire, SOR/2000-14, up to date as of September 21, 2026
• Government of Canada, Code criminel, R.S.C. (1985), c. C-46, section 2, definition of peace officer, up to date as of September 21, 2026
• National Defence, Contactez le Groupe de la Police militaire des Forces canadiennes, page dated April 30, 2026, consulted on November 6, 2026
• National Defence, Vice-chef d'état-major de la Défense, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Military Police Complaints Commission of Canada, Rapport annuel 2025, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Military Police Complaints Commission of Canada, Comment porter plainte, page modified on March 6, 2025, consulted on October 10, 2026

Contrôle routier Québec, Quebec's highway enforcement agency, does not employ police officers. Its highway safety officers are peace officers whose jurisdiction is limited to transportation. It is the agency of the Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec (SAAQ) that monitors the road transportation of people and goods. It has 31 inspection stations and 22 inspection areas, according to its official page. On January 1, 2027, its mandate moves to the Minister of Public Security. This text applies to women and men highway safety officers alike.

An agency attached to the SAAQ

Contrôle routier Québec's "Qui sommes-nous?" page, modified on June 26, 2026, describes it as an autonomous service agency under the responsibility of Quebec's Minister of Transport and attached to the SAAQ. The SAAQ's Rapport annuel de gestion 2025 writes that it is an integral part of the Société.

Two laws ground this mandate. Section 2 of the Loi sur la Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec gives the Société the function of monitoring and controlling the road transportation of people and goods, on the road and at businesses. Section 519.63 of the Highway Safety Code gives it jurisdiction over this. Section 519.64 also makes it responsible for applying the Loi concernant les propriétaires, les exploitants et les conducteurs de véhicules lourds.

The job itself, its pay and hiring are described in our article on the highway safety officer.

What Contrôle routier Québec monitors

The agency mainly monitors heavy vehicles, taxis and buses. Its "Contrôle sur route" page, modified on June 12, 2026, lists among its tasks:

• inspecting the mechanical condition, loads and dimensions of vehicles
• examining the documents of heavy vehicle drivers, including driving and rest hours
• the safety of taxi and bus transportation
• operations on the transportation of dangerous goods and school transportation

On the road and at businesses

Highway safety officers work in patrol cars and at inspection stations and areas, the SAAQ writes. The "Présence sur le territoire" page, modified on December 17, 2024, counts 31 inspection stations with scales and 22 inspection areas. A station is a fixed site. An area is a simple widening on the side of a secondary road.

Inspections also take place at businesses. The "Contrôle auprès des entreprises et des mandataires" page, modified on July 6, 2022, states that highway safety officers check the records of heavy vehicles and drivers there, as well as compliance with maintenance standards.

The 2025 results

The SAAQ's Rapport annuel de gestion 2025 covers the year ended December 31, 2025. It does not give the number of highway safety officers. It measures staffing in paid hours.

Source: SAAQ Rapport annuel de gestion 2025, pages 43 to 47 and the "L'année 2025 en chiffres" table.

Expenses fell by $8.2 million, or 7.2%. The report explains this drop by the slowdown in activities after a ruling of the Tribunal administratif du travail in March 2025. No new cohort was hired or trained in 2025.

The rate of highway safety officers providing optimal coverage of the territory reached 90% in 2025, below the 93% target.

Reaching Contrôle routier Québec or making a report

The "Signalement" page, modified on October 8, 2026, offers two ways: an online form and the number 1 866 471-1277. Only reports concerning the transportation of people and goods are handled. The page cites failure to respect driving and rest hours, a poorly secured load and the illegal transportation of people. The SAAQ general information line answers at 1 800 361-7620.

The move to Public Security on January 1, 2027

The Act assented to on April 2, 2026 (2026, chapter 7) transfers the monitoring and control of road transportation from the SAAQ to the Minister of Public Security. Its section 62 sets the coming into force of these provisions at January 1, 2027.

• Section 34 transfers the SAAQ's rights and obligations to the Minister of Public Security
• Section 38 makes employees assigned to highway safety enforcement employees of the Ministère de la Sécurité publique
• Section 17 leaves the highway safety officers in mechanical inspection with the SAAQ

The SAAQ annual report specifies that these functions remain the responsibility of the Société until that date.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Further reading

• Becoming a highway safety officer: jobs, selection and training
• Sûreté du Québec: phone numbers to reach a police officer

Frequently asked questions

Where is the highway inspection station currently open in Quebec?

The SAAQ does not publish the opening hours of its inspection stations. Its "Présence sur le territoire" page gives the list of the 31 inspection stations and 22 inspection areas, sorted by region.

How do you make a report to the SAAQ?

You fill out the Contrôle routier Québec report form or call 1 866 471-1277. This service only handles reports on the transportation of people and goods. The SAAQ writes that it will not be able to inform you of the result of its review.

How can I report a driver to the SAAQ?

A report to Contrôle routier Québec concerns the transportation of people and goods. The page asks for the date and time of the event, the location, the description of the vehicle, the licence plate and the contact information of the person or business concerned.

How can I call a highway safety officer?

The Contrôle routier Québec number is 1 866 471-1277. It is used for reports on the transportation of people and goods.

Can a highway safety officer give a ticket?

Yes. Section 519.67 of the Highway Safety Code makes highway safety officers peace officers, and the SAAQ includes writing offence reports among their tasks. The SAAQ annual report counts 19,480 statements of offence in 2025.

What does the law say about roadside inspections?

Title VIII.2 of the Highway Safety Code governs the control of road transportation of people and goods. Section 519.70 allows the highway safety officer to inspect any vehicle concerned and require that it be driven to a safe place no more than 15 kilometres from the place of interception.

Sources

• LégisQuébec, Loi sur la Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, chapter S-11.011, section 2, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• LégisQuébec, Highway Safety Code, chapter C-24.2, sections 519.63, 519.64, 519.67 and 519.70, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• Éditeur officiel du Québec, Loi visant à favoriser la sécurité et le sentiment de sécurité de la population et modifiant diverses dispositions, 2026, chapter 7, sections 17, 34, 38 and 62, assented to on April 2, 2026
• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Rapport annuel de gestion 2025, year ended December 31, 2025, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Qui sommes-nous?, Contrôle routier Québec, up to date as of June 26, 2026
• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Contrôle sur route, up to date as of June 12, 2026
• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Présence sur le territoire, up to date as of December 17, 2024
• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Contrôle auprès des entreprises et des mandataires, up to date as of July 6, 2022
• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Signalement, up to date as of October 8, 2026

There are three doors to becoming a military police officer. The first, that of the Regular Force non-commissioned member, is the subject of our article on the military police officer. Here are the other two: the commissioned military police officer, who commands, and the reservist, who serves part time. A Regular Force captain receives $8,861 to $11,712 a month according to the National Defence rates in effect since April 1, 2025. This text applies to women and men alike.

The role of the commissioned military police officer

The "Officier de la police militaire" profile on forces.ca describes a member who leads teams of military police officers. Most officers work in an office. Here are the responsibilities the profile lists.

• Manage military police patrols
• Administer police operations
• Supervise crime scene management
• Conduct and manage investigations
• Administer police and security programs
• Advise senior authorities on policing and security

Like the non-commissioned member, the officer is recognized as a peace officer by the Criminal Code, forces.ca writes.

The university degree and paid education

Forces.ca requires every officer candidate to be at least 17, to have Canadian citizenship or permanent residence, Secondary V and a bachelor's degree completed or in progress. The military police candidate also takes an orientation session and an aptitude assessment at the Military Police Assessment Centre.

A candidate without a bachelor's degree can apply to the Regular Officer Training Plan. The Forces then pay for undergraduate studies at one of the two military colleges: the Royal Military College of Canada, in Kingston, and the Royal Military College Saint-Jean, in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. The officer cadet receives $34,956 a year, minus room and board, and must then serve for a set period.

Officer training

Basic Military Officer Qualification lasts 12 weeks at the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School, in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. Second-language training of two to nine months may follow. Forces.ca then announces the Canadian Army common phase, given at the Infantry School in Gagetown, New Brunswick.

The military police officer qualification is obtained at Canadian Forces Base Borden, in Ontario. The course lasts six months.

Officer pay

National Defence publishes the monthly pay of Regular Force officers on canada.ca, effective April 1, 2025. From second lieutenant to lieutenant, the rate depends on the pay level, which follows the enrolment program. Level A is that of the Regular Officer Training Plan. Level C is that of direct entry as an officer.

Source: National Defence, Regular Force pay by rank, officer tables, rates effective April 1, 2025.

Over 12 months, a captain's basic pay gives $106,332 and the top increment gives $140,544, by our calculation and without allowances. These tables apply to all general service officers, with no rate specific to the military police.

The Reserve: another job under the same name

Forces.ca writes that the Primary Reserve Military Police is not made up of accredited police officers. It is a close combat support unit. Its role is to reinforce Regular Force platoons.

• Minimum education: Secondary V
• Provincial driver's licence: desired, not mandatory
• Permanent resident: three years in Canada and a citizenship application under way
• Distance: positions generally go to candidates who live less than 100 km from the unit
• Pace: one evening a week and validation exercises three to four times a year

The reservist's Basic Military Qualification takes place in summer, over at least five weeks, or over 12 weekends. Occupational training is given in summer, full time, and lasts more than eight weeks. The full path can take up to two years. Forces.ca hopes for a commitment of three to four years.

Reservist pay

The part-time Reserve is paid by the day. National Defence publishes these rates for Class A service, part time, and Class B service, 13 consecutive days or more, effective April 1, 2025.

Source: National Defence, Reserve Force pay by rank, rates effective April 1, 2025.

The list of Reserve specialist groups places the military police in the Specialist 1 group, from the rank of corporal to master warrant officer, for a member who holds the required qualification. A reservist on Class C service, full time, receives Regular Force pay.

No official page consulted names the military police reserve units in Quebec. Forces.ca refers you to the recruiter. For civilian policing, see how to become a police officer in Quebec and a police officer's salary.

Frequently asked questions

What is a military officer?

Forces.ca describes officers as leaders, managers and planning specialists. They must hold a university degree. They command units at home and abroad.

What is a military officer's salary in Canada?

National Defence publishes pay by rank, effective April 1, 2025. A direct-entry second lieutenant starts at $5,484 a month. A captain receives $8,861 to $11,712 a month.

What is a reservist's pay in Canada?

The part-time reservist is paid by the day. Since April 1, 2025, a private receives $143.76 to $184.86 a day and a corporal at the Standard rate receives $209.28 to $223.92.

What is an army reservist's pay?

Forces.ca writes that reservists receive 92.8% of the Regular Force rate of pay. A Reserve captain receives $270.34 to $357.36 per day of service. On Class C service, full time, the reservist receives Regular Force pay.

What is the difference between the police and the military police?

The military police officer is a member of the Canadian Armed Forces. They serve the military community and can be deployed abroad. Forces.ca names the RCMP and provincial, regional and municipal police services as equivalent civilian jobs.

How can I join the Canadian Army?

To enrol as an officer, forces.ca requires you to be at least 17, to be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and to hold a bachelor's degree or be working toward one. Without a bachelor's degree, the candidate can apply to a subsidized education program.

Sources

• Canadian Armed Forces, Officier de la police militaire, career profile, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Canadian Armed Forces, Police militaire, career profile, part-time options section, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Canadian Armed Forces, Programme de formation des officiers, Force régulière, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Canadian Armed Forces, S'enrôler dans les Forces armées canadiennes, consulted on October 10, 2026
• National Defence, Solde de la Force régulière selon le grade, rates effective April 1, 2025, consulted on October 10, 2026
• National Defence, Solde de la Force de réserve selon le grade, rates effective April 1, 2025, consulted on October 10, 2026
• National Defence, Comprendre la solde militaire, pay levels and Reserve types of service, consulted on October 10, 2026
• National Defence, Taux de solde pour groupes spécialistes, Force de réserve, classe A et classe B, consulted on October 10, 2026

To become a highway safety officer (contrôleur routier), the path is not that of a police officer. Contrôle routier Québec (Quebec's highway safety enforcement agency), the agency of the Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec (SAAQ), hires first and trains afterward. The École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy) says so: the highway safety officers it trains are hired beforehand. Initial training lasts 17 weeks according to the SAAQ and 21 weeks according to the École. This text applies to women and men highway safety officers alike.

The pay and powers of the job are described in our article on the highway safety officer. This one follows the path, from the job posting to the swearing-in.

Step 1: wait for the job posting

Everything starts with a job posting. The SAAQ writes that the application is filed on the Government of Quebec Careers portal. Québec.ca points to the same place, the Emplois en ligne site (emplois.carrieres.gouv.qc.ca), and names a single employer: Contrôle routier Québec.

On October 10, 2026, the SAAQ job postings page displayed "Aucun poste disponible" (no positions available). The Emplois en ligne site lets you create a job alert, according to Québec.ca.

Step 2: the selection process

The Contrôle routier Québec Careers page, modified on June 29, 2026, describes three steps:

• filing the application on the Government of Quebec Careers portal
• review of the application and an invitation to an exam session
• the interview, the security check and the medical examination

Québec.ca, for its part, describes the process common to the whole public service, on a page up to date as of October 1, 2026. It has five steps: create your account on the Emplois en ligne site, apply, pre-selection, selection and acceptance of the job. The manager may use assessment tools, a job interview and reference checks.

Admission requirements are not published

Neither the SAAQ page, nor the Québec.ca page, nor the École's pages give the required diploma, the class of driver's licence or a minimum age. These conditions are written in the job posting, and none was displayed on October 10, 2026.

Québec.ca does, however, describe the particular features of the job, on a page up to date as of May 21, 2026:

• 40 hours a week
• a schedule spread over 24 hours and 7 days
• long distances to cover in a patrol vehicle
• outdoor work
• handling heavy equipment, for example a 22 kg wheel scale
• the need to slide under trucks or buses

Step 3: initial training

Training follows hiring. The official sources do not give the same length. The SAAQ writes 17 weeks, partly in the workplace and partly at the École. The École writes 21 weeks, or 630 hours of learning. Québec.ca also writes 21 weeks, to be taken and passed as soon as you are hired.

The École specifies that a good proportion of the subjects is taught by Contrôle routier Québec staff. Its own instructors teach driving and physical intervention, and cover legal and ethics knowledge. The program targets 3 competencies: intervening in road safety, in penal procedure and as a special constable.

The subjects range from the laws and regulations related to the job to the Criminal Code, from driving a patrol vehicle to first aid. Our article on the École nationale de police du Québec describes the institution.

Paid training

The SAAQ speaks of "stimulating and paid training". It gives no amount. The 2023-2028 highway safety officers' collective agreement writes, in its section 25, that it is preferable for an employee appointed highway safety officer to have received the École's initial training or its equivalent.

Step 4: swearing-in and posting

After passing the training, the highway safety officer is sworn in at an official ceremony at the École and receives the title of special constable. The diploma is conditional on remaining employed, the École writes.

The new graduate then joins the highway safety enforcement service to which they are posted, according to the SAAQ. A period of continuing training and support is planned in the year after they start. Québec.ca writes that jobs are offered in several regions of Quebec. None of the pages consulted gives the list of services or inspection stations.

What changes on January 1, 2027

Section 38 of the Act assented to on April 2, 2026 (2026, chapter 7) makes SAAQ employees assigned to highway safety enforcement employees of the Ministère de la Sécurité publique (Quebec's public security department) as of January 1, 2027. No official page consulted on October 10, 2026 says whether the selection process or the training will change on that date.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Frequently asked questions

How do you become a highway safety officer?

You apply to a Contrôle routier Québec posting on the Government of Quebec's Emplois en ligne site. Then come an exam session, an interview, a security check and a medical examination, according to the SAAQ. The person hired takes the initial training, then is sworn in.

What training is required to become a SAAQ inspector?

The SAAQ highway safety officer takes an initial training program after being hired. The École nationale de police du Québec describes it as 21 weeks and 630 hours, the SAAQ as 17 weeks. The diploma required to apply is given in the job posting, no official page publishes it.

How do you become an inspector?

You cannot register yourself for highway safety officer training. The École nationale de police du Québec writes that highway safety officers are hired beforehand by Contrôle routier Québec. The process therefore starts with a job posting, not with an application for admission.

How long does highway safety officer training last?

The SAAQ writes 17 weeks, partly in the workplace and partly at the École. The École nationale de police du Québec and Québec.ca write 21 weeks. The École counts 630 hours of learning.

Is highway safety officer training paid?

Yes. The SAAQ writes that the training is paid, without giving an amount. The collective agreement scale appears in our article on the highway safety officer.

What is a highway safety officer's salary?

The 2023-2028 collective agreement sets the salary by job class and by step. Québec.ca shows, as an indication, a scale of $51,930 to $71,257 as of June 18, 2022, and specifies that the Secrétariat du Conseil du trésor scale takes precedence. The 2026 rates are in our article on the highway safety officer.

Are Quebec highway safety officers armed?

The initial training program described by the École covers intermediate weapons, such as the telescopic baton and pepper spray. The Government of Quebec announced on October 22, 2025 specialized training on the use of a firearm, in collaboration with the École, according to the same standards as those of police forces. The École's program page does not yet mention this training.

Sources

• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Carrière en contrôle routier, up to date as of June 29, 2026
• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Offres d'emploi, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Contrôleuse routière ou contrôleur routier, up to date as of May 21, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Processus de sélection, up to date as of October 1, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Contrôle routier, le programme, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Contrôle routier, marche à suivre, page modified on October 27, 2021, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Secrétariat du Conseil du trésor, Convention collective des contrôleurs routiers 2023-2028, section 25, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Éditeur officiel du Québec, Loi visant à favoriser la sécurité et le sentiment de sécurité de la population et modifiant diverses dispositions, 2026, chapter 7, section 38, assented to on April 2, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Le gouvernement du Québec autorise le port d'une arme à feu pour les contrôleurs routiers, news release of October 22, 2025

The future Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) police officer takes their training at the RCMP Academy, Depot Division, in Regina, Saskatchewan. The Cadet Training Program lasts 26 full-time weeks there. Before entering, the applicant takes a three-part physical test, required since September 15, 2026. This text applies to women and men police officers alike. The application steps are described in our article on RCMP recruitment.

The Cadet Training Program

The "Programme de formation des cadets" page, modified on August 24, 2026, describes a 6-month basic program, or 26 weeks. The cadet is assigned to a troop of 32 members. The troop eats, moves and lives together.

The language of training

The RCMP writes that training is given "in both official languages" and calls the program bilingual. Its pages say nothing more about French-language troops.

Program components

The "Aperçu du Programme de formation des cadets" page, modified on August 17, 2026, presents the following components.

• The Incident Management Intervention Model
• Applied police sciences, the largest part of the program
• Police defensive tactics
• Police physical conditioning
• Firearms training, with the service pistol, the shotgun and the patrol carbine
• Police vehicle operations
• Drill and deportment

Accommodation and the allowance

The cadet lives with their troop in an Academy dormitory. They have an individual sleeping space, separated by a curtain. Spouses, friends and family do not have access to the accommodation.

The RCMP pays a recruitment allowance of $1,000 a week. Its "Salaire et avantages sociaux" page, modified on August 20, 2026, sets the maximum at $26,000 for the 26 weeks. The RCMP pays for meals, accommodation and transportation to the Academy, then to the first posting. It does not pay for trips home during training.

A cadet whose training contract is terminated for failing to respect the RCMP's core values, or who leaves the RCMP during the two-year probation period, repays all the amounts received.

Assessment and falling behind in training

The cadet is assessed throughout the program through written, oral and practical tests. To succeed, they must reach a "professional" level of performance in all competencies.

The RCMP writes that a cadet who falls behind may be reassigned to an earlier stage of training, with another troop. Their training then goes beyond 26 weeks.

The RCMP physical test

The test has an official name: Police Officer Physical Abilities Test, or POPAT (in French, TCPP). The RCMP page, modified on September 15, 2026, describes two versions.

The field version, during recruitment

People who apply on or after September 15, 2026 must pass the field version to move on to the next step. It is a pass or fail assessment. The candidate must meet the standard for each of the three events, with at least five minutes of recovery between each.

Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police, "Test de condition physique pour les policiers" page, up to date as of September 15, 2026.

The cadet version, at the Academy

At Depot Division, the cadet takes another version, called the bona fide occupational requirement version. It has four events: foot pursuit, physical control, emergency assistance and the priority task. The priority task is completed in 90 seconds.

The cadet takes this test periodically during training. At the final assessment, they wear the uniform and a load equivalent to their equipment. Passing this version is a condition for passing the program.

After Regina: the Field Coaching Program

A cadet who completes the program may receive a job offer. They obtain peace officer status and continue with the six-month Field Coaching Program, at the rank of constable. This training takes place in a detachment. The RCMP specifies that most cadets are posted to General Duty, in a province or territory where it provides community policing.

For the path to Quebec police forces, see how to become a police officer and training at the ENPQ.

Frequently asked questions

Where is RCMP training given?

Training is given at the RCMP Academy, Depot Division, in Regina, Saskatchewan. The Field Coaching Program that follows takes place in a detachment.

What is an RCMP cadet's salary?

The cadet receives not a salary but a recruitment allowance of $1,000 a week, up to $26,000 for the 26 weeks. The constable's salary appears in our article on RCMP recruitment.

What are the physical tests to get into the police?

At the RCMP, the Police Officer Physical Abilities Test comes in two versions. The three-event field version is taken during recruitment. The four-event bona fide occupational requirement version is taken at the RCMP Academy. Quebec police forces require a different test, the one at the ENPQ.

What physical test is required to get into the police?

To apply to the RCMP since September 15, 2026, it is the POPAT, field version. You must run 500 metres in 2 minutes 30 seconds or less, finish the emergency assistance event in 3 minutes 45 seconds or less and throw a 4.5 kg ball at least 2.6 metres.

Is RCMP training given in French?

Yes. The RCMP writes that the Cadet Training Program is offered in both official languages. It calls the program bilingual.

What is the minimum age to take part in the cadet program?

The RCMP's "Basic requirements" page, modified on August 27, 2026, requires you to be at least 18 at the time of applying. The Cadet Training Program trains future police officers. It is not a youth program.

Sources

• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Programme de formation des cadets, up to date as of August 24, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Aperçu du Programme de formation des cadets, up to date as of August 17, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Aperçu de la vie à la Division Dépôt, up to date as of August 14, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Test de condition physique pour les policiers, up to date as of September 15, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Test de condition physique et entrevue d'évaluation des qualités pour les postulants, up to date as of September 15, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Salaire et avantages sociaux, up to date as of August 20, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Parcours professionnel, up to date as of September 22, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Exigences de base pour devenir agent ou agente de la GRC, up to date as of August 27, 2026

The salary of a Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) police officer ranges from $71,191 to $115,350 a year at the rank of constable, according to the rates in effect as of April 1, 2024. A corporal earns up to $126,311, a sergeant up to $137,677 and a staff sergeant up to $150,073. These rates come from the collective agreement for RCMP regular members and reservists, published by the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

Where the rates come from

The agreement binds the Treasury Board and the National Police Federation. It covers regular members below the rank of inspector and reservists. It was signed in Ottawa on June 24, 2024 and its expiry date is March 31, 2025. Its Appendix A gives the annual rates of pay by rank.

A constable's salary

The constable's scale has five steps. Here are the rates as of April 1, 2024, market adjustment included. The RCMP's "Salaire et avantages sociaux" page shows the same scale.

• Step 1: $71,191
• Step 2: $92,497
• Step 3: $100,356
• Step 4: $108,220
• Step 5: $115,350

The RCMP writes that a constable normally reaches step 5 after 36 months of service. As of April 1, 2022, the same scale ranged from $65,776 to $106,576.

RCMP pay scale by rank, from corporal to sergeant major

Above constable, each rank has one or two steps.

Source: Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, collective agreement for RCMP regular members and reservists, Appendix A. Annual rates in effect as of April 1, 2024, market adjustment included.

Clause 30.02 of the agreement gives each member the Appendix A salary for the rank of the position to which they are appointed. Officers, from the rank of inspector up, are not covered by this agreement. Their pay appears in none of the documents consulted.

RCMP ranks

Section 12 of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police Regulations, 2014 sets the order of precedence of thirteen ranks. Here they are, from highest to first.

• Commissioner
• Deputy commissioner
• Assistant commissioner
• Chief superintendent
• Superintendent
• Inspector
• Corps sergeant major
• Sergeant major
• Staff sergeant major
• Staff sergeant
• Sergeant
• Corporal
• Constable

Allowances added to the salary

Article 34 of the agreement creates annual service pay. It is a percentage of salary, paid every two weeks, that follows years of service with the RCMP: 1.5% at 4 years, 3.0% at 10 years, 4.5% at 15 years, 6.0% at 20 years, 7.5% at 25 years, 9.0% at 30 years and 10.5% at 35 years.

A member who coaches a new police officer in the field receives an allowance of 4% of the constable's maximum rate during that assignment. Clause 29.01 grants a shift premium of $2 an hour to a member who works shifts, for regular hours worked between 4:01 p.m. and 8 a.m.

During training in Regina, the cadet receives no salary. The RCMP pays an allowance of $1,000 a week, up to $26,000. Our article on RCMP recruitment explains when it must be repaid.

Leave, retirement and health care

The RCMP page gives annual leave according to years of service: 15 days from 0 to 5 years, 20 days from 5 to 10 years, 25 days from 10 to 22 years and 30 days from 23 years.

It indicates retirement with a penalty at 20 years of service, a full pension at 25 years and the maximum pension at 35 years. Police officers and their dependants have access to medical and dental care plans.

The RCMP, the Sûreté du Québec and the SPVM

The three scales do not bear the same date. The RCMP's stops at April 1, 2024, while the Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police) contract and the SPVM (Montreal police service) agreement set rates for 2026. Premiums also differ from one employer to another. Our article on police officer salary in Quebec gives the Sûreté du Québec and SPVM scales, year by year.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Frequently asked questions

What is an RCMP police officer's salary?

A constable earns $71,191 a year at step 1 and $115,350 at step 5, rates as of April 1, 2024. They normally reach step 5 after 36 months of service. Annual service pay is added from 4 years of service.

What is an RCMP corporal's salary?

Appendix A of the collective agreement sets the corporal's salary at $121,691 at step 1 and $126,311 at step 2, as of April 1, 2024. Corporal is the rank that follows constable.

What is an RCMP sergeant's salary?

A sergeant earns $133,677 at step 1 and $137,677 at step 2, as of April 1, 2024. A staff sergeant earns $146,019, then $150,073.

What are the RCMP ranks?

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police Regulations, 2014 name thirteen. Constable is the first rank, followed by corporal, sergeant and staff sergeant. Commissioner is the highest rank.

What is an RCMP police officer's hourly wage?

The agreement expresses rates as annual salaries. It sets the full-time work year at 2,087.04 hours. Here is an editorial calculation based on these two figures: about $34.11 an hour at the constable's step 1 and $55.27 an hour at step 5.

What is an RCMP officer's salary after 5 years?

A constable normally reaches step 5, at $115,350 a year, after 36 months of service. Clause 34.08 of the agreement adds annual service pay of 1.5% from the 4th anniversary of service. Here is an editorial calculation based on these two figures: about $117,080 a year at 5 years of service, at the April 1, 2024 rates.

How much does an RCMP cadet earn during training?

The cadet receives a recruitment allowance of $1,000 a week during the 26 weeks of training, up to $26,000. It is not a salary. The salary starts when they are hired as a constable, at step 1.

Has RCMP pay increased since 2024?

No official document consulted on November 5, 2026 gives a rate after April 1, 2024. The collective agreement has an expiry date of March 31, 2025. The RCMP page, modified on August 20, 2026, still shows the April 1, 2024 scale.

Sources

• Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Membres réguliers et les réservistes de la GRC (RM), collective agreement signed on June 24, 2024, expiry date March 31, 2025, articles 21, 29, 30, 34 and Appendix A, up to date as of May 22, 2025
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Salaire et avantages sociaux, scale as of April 1, 2024, up to date as of August 20, 2026
• Government of Canada, Justice Laws Website, Règlement de la Gendarmerie royale du Canada (2014), SOR/2014-281, section 12, up to date as of September 21, 2026

A highway safety officer in Quebec (contrôleur routier) is not a police officer. They are a peace officer of Contrôle routier Québec (Quebec's highway safety enforcement agency), the agency of the Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec (SAAQ) that monitors the road transportation of people and goods. Their salary ranges from $59,506 to $81,651 a year since April 1, 2026, according to their collective agreement. This text applies to women and men highway safety officers alike.

A peace officer, under the Highway Safety Code

Section 519.67 of the Highway Safety Code allows the SAAQ to designate any member of its staff to act as a highway safety officer. The same section writes that highway safety officers are peace officers competent to ensure the monitoring and control of the road transportation of people and goods. The Loi sur la Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec includes this monitoring among the Société's functions.

Section 519.68 subjects the highway safety officer to the rules of police ethics. Section 519.69 allows an agreement with the Minister of Public Security for them to act as a special constable, particularly when they observe a Criminal Code offence in the course of their duties.

What the highway safety officer checks

Section 519.67 lists the vehicles and laws within their jurisdiction:

• any heavy vehicle
• any road vehicle designed or used to carry out transportation or work, paid or not, regardless of its mass
• passenger vehicles, only for load, dimensions, securing of loads, mechanical condition or the transportation of dangerous goods
• the Loi concernant le transport rémunéré de personnes par automobile
• the Loi concernant les propriétaires, les exploitants et les conducteurs de véhicules lourds

The highway safety officer therefore does not monitor motorist traffic the way a police officer does.

Their powers

Section 519.70 allows them to inspect any vehicle, enter it and open or have opened any container or compartment. They may require that the vehicle be driven to a safe place located no more than 15 kilometres from the place of interception. Section 519.71 allows them to enter, at any reasonable hour, the establishment of the owner or operator of a heavy vehicle and examine the registers and records there.

A government news release of October 22, 2025 states that highway safety officers spend about 70% of their time on patrol.

The highway safety officer's salary

The Convention collective des contrôleurs routiers 2023-2028, published by the Secrétariat du Conseil du trésor, gives annual rates for a 40-hour week. Here is the scale in effect from April 1, 2026 to March 31, 2027.

Source: Schedule 3 of the collective agreement. Article 41.08 also provides an adjustment tied to the consumer price index, of no more than 1.00%, which does not appear in this table.

Article 19.01 of the agreement moves the employee up one step per year. Article 41.01 sets the hourly rate by dividing the annual rate by 2,087.2. Editorial calculation for the nominal class: $28.51 an hour at the first step and $39.12 at the last.

The agreement adds premiums: 4% of the hourly rate in the evening, 5% on weekends, and 11%, 12% or 14% at night depending on seniority. Québec.ca shows an older scale, from $51,930 to $71,257 as of June 18, 2022, and specifies that the Secrétariat du Conseil du trésor scale takes precedence.

Hiring and training

The Contrôle routier Québec Careers page, modified on June 29, 2026, describes three steps:

• filing the application on the Government of Quebec Careers portal
• review of the application and an invitation to an exam session
• the interview, the security check and the medical examination

Contrôle routier Québec hires first, then trains. The SAAQ speaks of 17 weeks of paid training, partly in the workplace and partly at the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy). The École, for its part, describes a 21-week program, or 630 hours, and Québec.ca also writes 21 weeks. After training, the highway safety officer is sworn in and receives the title of special constable, according to the École.

Québec.ca describes a schedule spread over 24 hours and 7 days. No highway safety officer job posting was displayed on October 10, 2026. The education and driver's licence requirements are given in the job posting when it appears.

The service weapon and the move to Public Security

On March 6, 2025, the Tribunal administratif du travail rendered a decision on the health and safety of highway safety officers. Contrôle routier Québec then suspended its unplanned roadside interventions. On October 22, 2025, the government announced its decision to equip highway safety officers with a service weapon, with training given in collaboration with the École nationale de police du Québec.

The Act assented to on April 2, 2026 (2026, chapter 7) amends the Highway Safety Code as of January 1, 2027. Highway safety officers will become employees of the Ministère de la Sécurité publique (Quebec's public security department). The new section 519.68 will give them jurisdiction to prevent and repress crime throughout Quebec. The SAAQ will keep the highway safety officers in mechanical inspection.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Further reading

• Becoming a highway safety officer: jobs, selection and training
• Contrôle routier Québec: mandate, inspection stations and the difference with a police officer
• Joining the military police: role, training and pay in the CAF

Frequently asked questions

What is a highway safety officer's salary?

The 2023-2028 collective agreement sets the salary of a nominal-class highway safety officer between $59,506 and $81,651 a year, from April 1, 2026 to March 31, 2027. The scale has 8 steps and the employee climbs one per year. These rates apply to a 40-hour week, without premiums.

What is a highway safety officer's salary in Quebec?

Converted to an hourly rate using the agreement's rule, the salary ranges from $28.51 to $39.12 for the nominal class. This is an editorial calculation: the annual rate divided by 2,087.2. A principal-class highway safety officer earns $80,441 to $88,330 a year.

How do you become a highway safety officer in Quebec?

You file your application on the Government of Quebec Careers portal when a posting appears. Then come an exam session, an interview, a security check and a medical examination, according to the Contrôle routier Québec Careers page. The person hired then takes the initial training, given partly at the École nationale de police du Québec.

Are highway safety officers armed?

The Government of Quebec announced on October 22, 2025 its decision to equip highway safety officers with a service weapon. The news release provides for qualification steps and training on the use of a firearm, according to the same standards as those of police forces. No official document consulted on October 10, 2026 says how many highway safety officers already carry this weapon.

What training is required to become a SAAQ inspector?

The SAAQ highway safety officer takes initial training after being hired. The SAAQ states 17 weeks, the École nationale de police du Québec states 21 weeks and 630 hours. The program covers transportation laws, the Criminal Code, driving a patrol vehicle and first aid.

Sources

• LégisQuébec, Highway Safety Code, chapter C-24.2, sections 519.67 to 519.71, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• LégisQuébec, Loi sur la Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, chapter S-11.011, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• Secrétariat du Conseil du trésor, Convention collective des contrôleurs routiers 2023-2028, articles 19.01, 41.01, 41.08, 43.01 to 43.03 and Schedule 3, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Éditeur officiel du Québec, Loi visant à favoriser la sécurité et le sentiment de sécurité de la population et modifiant diverses dispositions, 2026, chapter 7, sections 11, 12, 17, 38 and 62, assented to on April 2, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Le gouvernement du Québec autorise le port d'une arme à feu pour les contrôleurs routiers, news release of October 22, 2025
• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Sécurité des contrôleurs routiers dans l'exercice de leurs fonctions, décision du Tribunal administratif du travail, news release of March 6, 2025
• Gouvernement du Québec, Contrôleuse routière ou contrôleur routier, up to date as of May 21, 2026
• Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec, Carrière en contrôle routier, up to date as of June 29, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Contrôle routier, le programme, consulted on October 10, 2026

The military police officer is a member of the Canadian Armed Forces in Canada appointed under section 156 of the National Defence Act. The Criminal Code recognizes them as a peace officer. Once a corporal, they receive $7,606 to $8,071 a month according to the National Defence rates in effect since April 1, 2025. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

The military police officer's role

The "Police militaire" profile on forces.ca describes a police service that serves the military community 24 hours a day: Regular Force and Reserve members, civilian employees, cadets and families. It has more than 1,250 full-time members. Here are the responsibilities the profile lists.

• Investigate and report on military and criminal offences
• Prevent crime in military communities
• Coordinate tasks related to detained persons, including military detainees and prisoners of war
• Provide security for certain Canadian embassies
• Control traffic and investigate road accidents
• Support Canadian Armed Forces missions at home and abroad

A peace officer appointed by law

Section 156 of the National Defence Act allows officers and non-commissioned members appointed as military police to detain or arrest without a warrant any person subject to the Code of Service Discipline, whatever their rank. Section 2 of the Criminal Code includes among peace officers the officers and non-commissioned members of the Canadian Forces appointed for the purposes of that section 156.

The head of the military police holds the title of Canadian Forces Provost Marshal. Section 18.3 of the Act requires that they have been a military police officer for at least ten years and hold at least the rank of colonel. Their term lasts four years at most and is renewable. Section 18.4 gives them responsibility for the selection and training standards for candidates.

Enrolment requirements

Forces.ca requires every non-commissioned member candidate to be at least 17 years old and to have Canadian citizenship or permanent residence. A permanent resident proves three years of physical presence in Canada. The military police adds its own requirements.

• A diploma from an approved program at a post-secondary institution
• A valid provincial driver's licence
• An orientation session and an aptitude assessment at the Military Police Assessment Centre

The profile does not name the college diploma in Police Technology. It says the ideal candidate holds a diploma in law and security administration, police foundations or a similar college program. The list of approved programs can be requested from the recruiter.

Training

The recruit first takes Basic Military Qualification at the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School, in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. Forces.ca sets its length at 9 weeks. They then take the basic military police course at the Canadian Forces Military Police Academy, in Borden, Ontario. This course lasts six months and covers civil law, Canadian military law and investigation techniques.

The military police officer (commissioned officer) follows a different path. Their Basic Military Qualification lasts 12 weeks and their military police officer qualification, given in Borden, lasts six months.

The military police officer's pay

National Defence publishes the monthly pay of the Regular Force on canada.ca, effective April 1, 2025. Its list of occupational groups places the military police in the Specialist 1 pay group, from the rank of corporal to master warrant officer, with the DP5A qualification. Before the rank of corporal, the military police officer receives private's pay.

Source: National Defence, Regular Force pay by rank, rates effective April 1, 2025. The annual column is an editorial calculation, without allowances.

The private's basic pay gives $52,044 over 12 months, and the Specialist 1 corporal's gives $91,272. Forces.ca writes that a Regular Force recruit earns between $4,337 and $5,484 a month during basic training. The profile also advertises a signing bonus for the Regular Force, without giving the amount.

The difference with a civilian police officer in Quebec

The military police officer is first and foremost a soldier. Forces.ca warns that they must expect to move during their career and that they can be deployed anywhere in the world. The conduct of a military police officer can be the subject of a complaint under section 250.18 of the National Defence Act. Section 250.1 creates the Military Police Complaints Commission, made up of no more than five members.

The Reserve works differently. Forces.ca specifies that the Primary Reserve military police is not made up of accredited police officers. Secondary V is enough there and positions generally go to candidates who live less than 100 km from the unit.

This text summarizes laws and public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Further reading

• Military Police Officer and Reservist: degree, training, pay
• Military police in Canada: organization, jurisdiction and oversight of military police officers
• How to become a police officer in Quebec: the path step by step

Frequently asked questions

What is the role of the military police?

The military police enforces laws and regulations at Canadian Armed Forces establishments, in Canada and abroad. According to forces.ca, it investigates military and criminal offences, prevents crime and handles detained persons. It also provides security for certain Canadian embassies.

What is the military police?

It is the police service of the Canadian Armed Forces. Forces.ca credits it with more than 1,250 full-time members. Its members are appointed under section 156 of the National Defence Act and are peace officers under section 2 of the Criminal Code.

What is the military police called?

Forces.ca calls the occupation "Military Police" and its members military police officers. The National Defence Act uses the term "military police". Their head is the Canadian Forces Provost Marshal, described in section 18.3 of that Act.

What is the average salary of a military police officer in Canada?

National Defence publishes no average salary. It publishes pay by rank. A military police corporal, classed Specialist 1, receives $7,606 to $8,071 a month since April 1, 2025, or $91,272 to $96,852 over 12 months by our calculation.

What training do you need to become a military police officer in Canada?

You need a diploma from an approved program at a post-secondary institution and a valid provincial driver's licence. Next come the 9-week Basic Military Qualification in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, then the six-month basic military police course in Borden, Ontario.

How can I join the Canadian Army?

Forces.ca requires you to be at least 17 for a non-commissioned member, with a parent's consent before 18. You must be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and have completed Secondary IV in Quebec. The military police also requires an approved post-secondary diploma.

What is a private's pay?

The monthly pay of a Regular Force private is $4,337 at the base, $4,987 at the second increment and $5,994 at the third, effective April 1, 2025. Over 12 months, that gives $52,044 to $71,928 by our calculation. These rates come from National Defence.

Sources

• Canadian Armed Forces, Police militaire, career profile, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Canadian Armed Forces, Officier de la police militaire, career profile, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Canadian Armed Forces, S'enrôler dans les Forces armées canadiennes, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Canadian Armed Forces, La vie dans les forces, pay and benefits, consulted on October 10, 2026
• National Defence, Solde de la Force régulière selon le grade, rates effective April 1, 2025, consulted on October 10, 2026
• National Defence, Taux de solde des militaires du rang spécialistes de la Force régulière et du service de réserve de classe C, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Government of Canada, Loi sur la défense nationale, R.S.C. (1985), c. N-5, sections 18.3, 18.4, 156, 250.1 and 250.18, up to date as of September 21, 2026
• Government of Canada, Code criminel, R.S.C. (1985), c. C-46, section 2, definition of peace officer, up to date as of September 21, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Police Act, chapter P-13.1, sections 49 and 115, up to date as of August 12, 2026

The SPVM's GTI police unit carried out nearly 600 interventions in 2023, according to its official page. The GTI is a police force's tactical intervention group (groupe tactique d'intervention). A police officer gets in through internal selection. In Quebec, the Règlement sur les services policiers places this service at level 4. It is therefore the responsibility of the Service de police de la Ville de Québec, the Service de police de la Ville de Montréal and the Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police). This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

What the Regulation says

Section 70 of the Police Act (chapter P-13.1) sets six levels of service according to the population served. The Règlement sur les services policiers que les corps de police municipaux et la Sûreté du Québec doivent fournir selon leur niveau de compétence (chapter P-13.1, r. 6) lists the services for each level.

Sources: Regulation up to date as of June 1, 2026, LégisQuébec. List of police forces by level: Québec.ca, page updated on February 5, 2024.

The Regulation distinguishes two services. The "intervention group" appears at level 3. The "tactical intervention group" appears at level 4, along with high-risk intervention. The Regulation defines neither one.

Level 1 and level 2 police forces do not have to provide this service. Section 70 of the Act provides that the Sûreté du Québec provides the services of the level above the one required of a municipal police force, unless the minister authorizes the latter to provide services of other levels.

The Sûreté du Québec GTI

The Sûreté du Québec presents its tactical intervention groups on the "Services spécialisés" page of its website. It writes that their primary mission is to intervene in hostage takings. The GTIs also support Sûreté units and municipal police services in high-risk operations.

The same page states that members generally work in teams of seven. Their bases are in Quebec City for eastern Quebec, and in Saint-Hubert or Mascouche for the west. The page gives neither the number of members nor the conditions for applying.

The SPVM GTI

The Service de police de la Ville de Montréal describes its GTI as a team specialized in high-risk interventions. Its page names four areas: armed intervention, close protection, underwater diving and safe handling of explosives.

The SPVM gives two figures for the same year. Its GTI page writes that nearly 600 interventions were carried out in 2023. A news item of April 18, 2024 speaks of more than 600 interventions for "last year".

Joining the GTI police unit: selection

The SPVM writes that the selection process is rigorous and the training is demanding. It publishes neither the tests nor a minimum number of years of service.

The 2022-2026 collective agreement between the Ville de Montréal and the Fraternité des policiers et policières de Montréal gives the framework. You join the GTI by transfer, that is, a permanent move from one function to another. Three rules apply.

• The Service may hold an annual selection process for the positions of tactical intervention officer and tactical intervention supervisor (paragraph 7.01)
• The seniority principle does not apply to police officers attached to the Tactical Intervention Group (paragraph 7.04)
• A police officer newly transferred to the GTI is accompanied by a designated colleague for 26 weeks (paragraphs 13.15 and 13.20)

For the Sûreté du Québec and the Service de police de la Ville de Québec, we have read no official document describing the selection or the years of service required. This article therefore says nothing about them.

Pay at the SPVM GTI

The Montreal collective agreement provides no premium specific to the GTI. It provides a "specialist" scale. A note in article II specifies that the specialist is the police officer who holds a position in four fields of activity: forensic identification, collision reconstruction, technological crime and the tactical intervention group.

Source: 2022-2026 collective agreement, Ville de Montréal and Fraternité des policiers et policières de Montréal, paragraphs 2.05 and 2.06. Scale in effect from January 1 to December 31, 2026. Hourly rate: our calculation, annual salary divided by 40 hours a week × 52.18 weeks.

The gap between the first-class constable and the first-class specialist constable is $4,869 a year in 2026, by our calculation. The scale contains no "specialist" line below first class. The agreement also mentions a specialty premium, without giving its rate in the passages we read.

We read this text on the Ville de Montréal website. We have read neither the Sûreté du Québec police officers' employment contract nor the Ville de Québec agreement. This article therefore gives no salary for their GTI.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Further reading

• UPAC: working as a police officer at Quebec's anti-corruption unit
• Sûreté du Québec: police officer recruitment, step by step
• Police officer salary in Quebec: SQ, SPVM and RCMP

Frequently asked questions

What is the GTI?

GTI stands for groupe tactique d'intervention, or tactical intervention group. The SPVM describes its own as a team specialized in high-risk interventions. The Sûreté du Québec writes that the primary mission of its GTIs is to intervene in hostage takings.

What is the Tactical Intervention Group (GTI)?

It is a support service listed in section 5 of the Règlement sur les services policiers (chapter P-13.1, r. 6). It is one of the level 4 services, which a police force serving 500,000 to 999,999 inhabitants must provide. Levels 5 and 6 include them too.

How do you join the GTI?

You must first be a police officer in a police force that has a GTI. At the SPVM, you join by transfer, and the 2022-2026 collective agreement allows the Service to hold an annual selection process for the tactical intervention officer position. The SPVM calls this process rigorous and does not publish its steps.

How do you get into the GTI?

The Sûreté du Québec page on its tactical intervention groups gives no entry conditions. We found no official document setting a number of years of service for the Sûreté GTI or the Ville de Québec GTI. Ask your police force's human resources department.

What is the salary of a GTI police officer?

The only official figure we read is Montreal's. The first-class specialist constable, after 72 months, earns $102,246 a year in 2026 (about $48.99 an hour on a 40-hour week), compared with $97,377 for the first-class constable. The specialist supervising sergeant earns $118,898.

What is the equivalent of SWAT in Canada?

In Quebec, it is the tactical intervention group. The Montreal police collective agreement itself writes "groupe tactique d'intervention (SWAT)" in a letter of agreement. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police uses the same name in French, Groupe tactique d'intervention (GTI), for its teams.

Sources

• LégisQuébec, Règlement sur les services policiers que les corps de police municipaux et la Sûreté du Québec doivent fournir selon leur niveau de compétence, chapter P-13.1, r. 6, sections 4 to 7, up to date as of June 1, 2026
• LégisQuébec, Police Act, chapter P-13.1, section 70, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Services policiers fournis par les corps de police selon leur niveau de compétence, updated on February 5, 2024, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Services spécialisés, "Groupes tactiques d'intervention" tab, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Groupe tactique d'intervention - GTI, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, GTI | Joins-toi à nous !, news item of April 18, 2024
• Ville de Montréal, Convention collective de travail entre la Ville de Montréal et la Fraternité des policiers et policières de Montréal, period from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2026, paragraphs 2.05, 2.06, 7.01, 7.04, 13.15 and 13.20, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Groupe tactique d'intervention (GTI), consulted on October 10, 2026

The salary of a police officer with the Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police) ranges from $57,222 to $96,901 a year according to the constables' scale as of April 1, 2026. At the SPVM (Montreal police service), the 2026 scale ranges from $51,610 to $97,377 before premiums. At the RCMP, it ranges from $71,191 to $115,350 as of April 1, 2024. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

An SQ police officer's salary

The scale is found in Schedule T of the employment contract between the Government of Quebec and the Association des policières et policiers provinciaux du Québec. This contract covers the period from April 1, 2022 to March 31, 2028. It was approved by Order in Council 1646-2024 of November 20, 2024. The Sûreté du Québec publishes an administrative version on its website.

Source: Sûreté du Québec, 2022-2028 employment contract, Schedule T, "Agent" class. Annual salaries on the scale, before any adjustment.

Section 11.09 of the contract adds a seniority-based adjustment: 6% after 6 years, 7% after 10 years, 9% after 14 years and 11% after 21 years. The specialist constable has a single rate, $106,591 as of April 1, 2026.

On October 10, 2026, the Sûreté du Québec recruitment page still showed a starting salary of $48,386 as of April 1, 2021 and $84,366 after 60 months. These two amounts are those of the March 31, 2022 column in Schedule T. The contract gives the more recent rates.

An SPVM police officer's salary

The scale is found in article II of the collective agreement between the Ville de Montréal and the Fraternité des policiers et policières de Montréal, for the period from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2026. The Ville de Montréal publishes the text.

Source: Ville de Montréal, 2022-2026 police collective agreement, paragraphs 2.04 and 2.05. Annual salaries on the scale, before premiums.

Article III adds to this salary a metropolitan premium of 13.60% as of January 1, 2025 and 15.10% as of January 1, 2026. It also provides a seniority bonus, from 3.0% after 7 years of service to 4.0% after 30 years, and a 5% service level premium. Paragraph 3.06 creates a patrol premium of 1.0% as of January 1, 2025 and 2.0% as of January 1, 2026.

The SPVM recruitment site advertises a starting salary of $60,058.68 in 2025 and $69,434.82 after 12 months in 2026, including the metropolitan premium. It writes that a neighbourhood officer with 6 years of seniority earns $112,082 in 2026.

An RCMP police officer's salary

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police's "Salaire et avantages sociaux" page, modified on August 20, 2026, gives the annual scale for constables as of April 1, 2024.

Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police, grc.ca. This scale applies everywhere in Canada.

The constable is hired at step 1 and normally reaches step 5 after 36 months of service. During the 26 weeks of training at Depot Division, the cadet receives an allowance of $1,000 a week, up to $26,000. The page gives no rate after April 1, 2024.

The median salary of a police officer in Quebec

The Government of Canada's Job Bank places police officers in group 42100 of the National Occupational Classification. For Quebec, it gives a low wage of $28.57 an hour, a median wage of $45.08 and a high wage of $64.29, for the 2023-2024 period. These wages were updated on November 19, 2025. The median wage is $45.91 an hour in the Montreal region in 2024.

Québec.ca publishes different figures for the same group: $28.00 at the minimum, $47.12 at the median and $63.00 at the maximum, based on the average of wages from 2023 to 2025. The profile, updated on June 19, 2026, also shows an annual salary of $104,000 in 2020.

What is not published

Sûreté du Québec rates after March 31, 2028 and SPVM rates after December 31, 2026 exist in no official source consulted. None of these sources gives a net salary. The other municipal police forces each have their own agreement, which this article does not cover.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Further reading

• RCMP police officer salary: the scale rank by rank
• Sûreté du Québec: police officer recruitment, step by step
• How to become a police officer in Quebec: the path step by step

Frequently asked questions

What is a police officer's salary in Quebec in 2026?

At the Sûreté du Québec, the constables' scale ranges from $57,222 to $96,901 a year as of April 1, 2026. At the SPVM, the 2026 scale ranges from $51,610 for a 7th-class constable to $97,377 for a 1st-class constable, before premiums. Job Bank places the median wage of police officers in Quebec at $45.08 an hour.

What is a Sûreté du Québec police officer's salary in 2026?

Schedule T of the 2022-2028 employment contract sets the constable's entry salary at $57,222 as of April 1, 2026. The constable reaches $96,901 after 60 months. A 6% adjustment is added after 6 years of seniority under section 11.09.

What is a police officer's base salary in Quebec?

The entry salary depends on the police force. It is $57,222 a year at the Sûreté du Québec as of April 1, 2026. It is $51,610 at the SPVM in 2026 on the agreement's scale, before the 15.10% metropolitan premium.

What is a police officer's hourly wage in Quebec?

Job Bank gives a median wage of $45.08 an hour for Quebec, 2023-2024 period. Québec.ca gives $47.12 an hour, based on the average of wages from 2023 to 2025. The Sûreté du Québec contract and the SPVM agreement express their scales as annual salaries.

What is a Canadian police officer's salary?

The RCMP is the federal police force. Its constables' scale ranges from $71,191 at step 1 to $115,350 at step 5, as of April 1, 2024. The constable normally reaches step 5 after 36 months of service.

What is a police officer's salary in 2026?

At the SPVM, the recruitment site advertises $69,434.82 after 12 months in 2026, including the metropolitan premium, and $112,082 for a neighbourhood officer with 6 years of seniority. At the Sûreté du Québec, the constable earns $62,741 after 12 months and $96,901 after 60 months as of April 1, 2026. The RCMP posts no rate for 2026.

What is a police officer's net monthly salary?

No official source publishes a net salary. Here is an editorial calculation based on the Sûreté du Québec gross salary as of April 1, 2026, divided into 12 months: about $4,769 a month at entry and $8,075 a month after 60 months. The net amount depends on each person's taxes and contributions.

Sources

• Sûreté du Québec, Contrat de travail entre le gouvernement du Québec et l'Association des policières et policiers provinciaux du Québec, 1er avril 2022 au 31 mars 2028, administrative version, Order in Council 1646-2024 of November 20, 2024, section 11 and Schedule T, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Recrutement policier, annual salaries as of April 1, 2021, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Ville de Montréal, Convention collective de travail entre la Ville de Montréal et la Fraternité des policiers et policières de Montréal, 1er janvier 2022 au 31 décembre 2026, articles II and III, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Recrutement, Policier, 2025 and 2026 salaries, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Salaire et avantages sociaux, rates as of April 1, 2024, up to date as of August 20, 2026
• Government of Canada, Job Bank, Salaires, policier ou policière au Québec (CNP 42100), updated on November 19, 2025
• Gouvernement du Québec, Policiers, policières, job profile, up to date as of June 19, 2026

UPAC, or Unité permanente anticorruption (Quebec's anti-corruption unit), brings together a specialized police force and audit and investigation teams from other public bodies. A police officer works there as an investigator for the Anti-Corruption Commissioner. The Commissioner had a staff of 157 people as of March 31, 2025. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

What the law says

The Loi concernant la lutte contre la corruption (chapter L-6.1), up to date as of August 12, 2026 on LégisQuébec, establishes the office of Anti-Corruption Commissioner. Its section 4 gives the commissioner the mission of coordinating, for the State, actions to prevent and fight corruption in the public sector, particularly in contractual matters.

Section 8.4 forms a police force specialized in fighting corruption. Section 8.6 specifies that this police force and the teams designated by the government form the Unité permanente anticorruption.

According to the UPAC website, the unit was created on February 18, 2011 and the Commissioner became a specialized police force on February 14, 2018.

The commissioner

The commissioner is appointed by the National Assembly, on a motion of the Premier and with the approval of two thirds of its members (section 5). The term lasts seven years and cannot be renewed (section 5.2). The commissioner is a peace officer throughout Quebec (section 7) and director of the police force (section 9).

An associate commissioner for investigations, also a peace officer (section 8.1), and associate commissioners for audits (section 8) support the commissioner.

Who works there

Section 8.4 of the Act lists the people who make up the police force.

• The commissioner and the associate commissioner for investigations
• The other peace officers: chief inspectors, inspectors, captains, lieutenants, sergeants, corporals and constables
• The associate commissioners for audits
• The commissioner's staff members, appointed under the Public Service Act

A police officer from another police force may also act as a member, when their services are loaned to the commissioner by agreement (section 14). The UPAC website names three sources of these loans of service: the Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police), the Service de police de la Ville de Québec and the Régie intermunicipale de police Thérèse-De Blainville.

The teams designated by the government remain attached to their own body (sections 15 and 16). The UPAC website places them at the Commission de la construction du Québec, the Régie du bâtiment du Québec, Revenu Québec and the Sûreté du Québec.

Staffing

The Commissioner's Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025 gives a staff of 157 people as of March 31, 2025. This number excludes students, interns and loaned staff, whom the report does not count.

Source: Commissaire à la lutte contre la corruption, Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025, table 26, staff as of March 31, 2025.

The UPAC website publishes three undated orders of magnitude. Its careers page speaks of nearly 200 employees at the Commissioner, including police officers on loan. For the whole unit, the "Équipe et organigramme" page writes about 220 people and the "Qu'est-ce que l'UPAC?" page about 240 employees. The offices are in Montreal and Quebec City.

How to get in

Since 2021-2022, the Commissioner can hire its own police officers, according to its annual report. The site's "Recrutement policier" page presents three profiles for the investigator position.

• Active police officers, hired permanently or loaned by their police force
• Recently retired police officers
• Professionals holding a university degree, with or without police training

An active police officer who has not completed the initial police investigation training program must take an additional 9 weeks of on-the-job training, according to the site. Candidates on the university path take the Commissioner's program, given mostly at the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy).

Where jobs are posted

Positions are posted in the "Emplois disponibles" section of the Careers page of upac.gouv.qc.ca. On October 10, 2026, this section stated that no position was being recruited. The pages for the active police officer and retired police officer profiles specified that the Commissioner keeps a bank of applications. The Careers page also offers an unsolicited application form. No pay scale appears there.

Making a report

The law speaks of disclosure. Any person may communicate to the commissioner information that, in their view, may show that a wrongdoing has been committed or is about to be (section 26). The official channel is the disclosure form on the UPAC website or the line 1 844 541-8722.

Section 31 requires the commissioner to preserve the person's anonymity. Section 32 prohibits reprisals.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Further reading

• GTI: the police tactical intervention group in Quebec
• How to become a police officer in Quebec: the path step by step
• Police officer salary in Quebec: SQ, SPVM and RCMP

Frequently asked questions

What is UPAC?

It is the Unité permanente anticorruption, Quebec's permanent anti-corruption unit. Under section 8.6 of the Act, it is made up of the police force specialized in fighting corruption and the teams designated by the government.

What does UPAC stand for?

UPAC is the acronym of Unité permanente anticorruption. The acronym CLCC designates the Commissaire à la lutte contre la corruption, the police force that employs the investigators.

What is UPAC's role?

The UPAC website describes three fronts: prevent, audit and investigate. Section 9 of the Act makes the commissioner responsible for receiving disclosures, requesting investigations and doing prevention. Charges are the responsibility of the Directeur des poursuites criminelles et pénales, the UPAC FAQ specifies.

Who is the UPAC commissioner?

The Anti-Corruption Commissioner is appointed by the National Assembly with the approval of two thirds of its members, for a non-renewable seven-year term. The name of the office holder appears on the "Équipe et organigramme" page of the UPAC website.

Is it possible to become an investigator without being a police officer?

Yes, at the Commissioner. Its recruitment page welcomes candidates with or without police training who have completed university studies in a relevant field. They then take the Commissioner's training program.

How do you become a police investigator?

At the Commissioner, three profiles lead to the investigator position: active police officer, recently retired police officer or university-educated professional. This article does not cover the investigator path in other police forces.

Sources

• LégisQuébec, Loi concernant la lutte contre la corruption (chapitre L-6.1), sections 4, 5, 5.2, 7, 8, 8.1, 8.4, 8.6, 9, 14, 15, 16, 26, 31 and 32, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• Commissaire à la lutte contre la corruption, Rapport annuel de gestion 2024-2025, September 2025, pages 18, 23, 58 and 59 of the printed numbering
• Unité permanente anticorruption, Qu'est-ce que l'UPAC?, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Unité permanente anticorruption, Équipe et organigramme, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Unité permanente anticorruption, Carrière, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Unité permanente anticorruption, Recrutement policier and its three profile pages, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Unité permanente anticorruption, Foire aux questions, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Unité permanente anticorruption, Formulaire de dénonciation, acte répréhensible, consulted on October 10, 2026

To become a police officer with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), recruitment starts with an online application. You then go through seven selection steps, then take 26 weeks of training in Regina, Saskatchewan. A constable starts at $71,191 a year (about $34.11 an hour), according to the scale the RCMP posts as of April 1, 2024. The scale rank by rank is in our article on RCMP salary. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

Admission requirements

The RCMP's "Basic requirements" page, modified on August 27, 2026, lists the conditions to meet before applying. Here are the main ones.

• Have Canadian citizenship or permanent resident status, with at least 1,095 days lived in Canada in the last five years in the second case
• Be at least 18 years old at the time of applying
• Be proficient in French or English
• Hold a valid, unrestricted Canadian driver's licence
• Have a high school diploma issued in Canada or the equivalent
• Hold a valid standard first aid certificate, with level C CPR
• Meet the medical, psychological, vision, hearing and physical fitness standards

You do not need to be bilingual. The RCMP sets no age limit, but you must be at least 19 to be hired as a police officer.

The recruitment steps

The "Processus de recrutement des policiers et policières" page, modified on September 25, 2026, describes seven steps.

• The online application, in the Government of Canada's GC Jobs portal
• The career presentation and the online entrance assessment, which measures cognitive abilities
• The police physical fitness test, field version, and the qualities assessment interview
• Sending forms and documents through the Security Screening Portal
• The eligibility interview
• The medical assessment and the psychological suitability assessment
• The background investigation and the security assessment

The field version of the physical fitness test is a new requirement. It applies to people who apply on or after September 15, 2026. A candidate who is not retained at pre-screening waits 3 months before applying again.

Cadet training at Depot Division

The Cadet Training Program lasts 26 weeks, or six months full time. It is given at the RCMP Academy, Depot Division, in Regina. The training is offered in both official languages. The cadet lives on site, in a dormitory, in a troop of 32 members.

The RCMP pays the cadet a recruitment allowance of $1,000 a week. The maximum is $26,000 for the 26 weeks. The RCMP also pays for room, meals, uniforms and transportation to Regina, then to the first posting.

This allowance must be repaid in two cases. A cadet whose training contract is terminated for failing to respect RCMP values, or who leaves the RCMP during the two-year probation period, must repay all the amounts received.

A cadet who succeeds may receive a job offer. They then obtain peace officer status and continue with the six-month Field Coaching Program, at the rank of constable.

A constable's salary

The RCMP's "Salaire et avantages sociaux" page, modified on August 20, 2026, gives the annual pay scale for constables as of April 1, 2024.

Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police, "Salaire et avantages sociaux" page. No more recent scale appeared there on October 10, 2026. The hourly rate is our own calculation: the RCMP regular members' collective agreement divides the annual salary by 2,087.04 hours (article 2 and clause 21.02).

The constable is hired at step 1 after training. They normally reach step 5 after 36 months of service.

Mobility: a posting anywhere in Canada

The RCMP is a national organization. Its requirements page writes that the candidate and their family must agree to move anywhere in Canada. Postings follow operational needs. A candidate from Quebec therefore has no guarantee of working in Quebec.

The RCMP's role in Quebec

In Quebec, the RCMP is a federal police force. It provides contract policing services in eight provinces and three territories, and its Contract Policing page specifies that Ontario and Quebec have their own provincial police service. In Quebec, that service is the Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police).

RCMP Federal Policing works in every province. Its areas include national security, organized crime, cybercrime and border integrity.

Section 20 of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police Act allows the federal minister to enter into arrangements with a province or municipality for the use of the Force. Under section 11.1, the commissioner may designate a member as a peace officer.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Civilian jobs at the RCMP

The RCMP also hires civilian staff, according to its "Carrières d'employés civils" page. It distinguishes two categories: civilian members, hired under the RCMP Act, and public service employees, hired under the Public Service Employment Act. Its page on job types names several of them.

• 9-1-1 police dispatcher (telecommunications operator)
• Civilian criminal investigator
• Criminal intelligence
• Forensic science
• Air and marine operations
• Core information technology services
• Administrative support, human resources and legal services

Postings for these jobs are on the Government of Canada's GC Jobs site. A civilian job does not go through Depot Division.

Talking to a recruiter

The "Communiquez avec un recruteur" page, last modified October 2, 2026, gives the contact details of the recruiting offices by province. In Quebec, the office can be reached by email only. The RCMP also lists its recruiting events on a separate page.

Further reading

• RCMP police training: Depot Division in Regina and the physical test
• RCMP police officer salary: the scale rank by rank
• How to become a police officer in Quebec: the path step by step

Frequently asked questions

How do you get into the RCMP?

You create an account in the GC Jobs portal and apply there. You then go through the selection steps, including the physical fitness test, the interviews and the security investigation. Selected candidates take 26 weeks of training in Regina.

Will the RCMP be recruiting in 2026?

Yes. The RCMP was accepting police officer applications on October 10, 2026 and was announcing recruitment events in October 2026. Its 2026-2029 National Recruitment Strategy states that the Government of Canada committed, in Budget 2025, to fund the hiring of 1,000 additional officers.

What is an RCMP officer's salary?

A constable earns $71,191 to $115,350 a year, or about $34.11 to $55.27 an hour, according to the RCMP scale as of April 1, 2024. Step 5 is normally reached after 36 months of service.

What is an RCMP police officer's salary?

During training, the cadet receives no salary but an allowance of $1,000 a week, up to $26,000. Once hired as a constable, they receive $71,191 a year at step 1 (about $34.11 an hour), then $92,497 at step 2 (about $44.32 an hour), rates as of April 1, 2024. The RCMP page does not give the rates for other ranks.

Where is RCMP training given?

Training is given at the RCMP Academy, called Depot Division, in Regina, Saskatchewan. It lasts 26 weeks and is offered in French and English. The cadet must live on site for the entire training.

Is it possible to become a police officer in Quebec at 40?

At the RCMP, yes. Its requirements page writes that there is no age limit to apply. This answer applies to the RCMP only.

Sources

• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Exigences de base pour devenir agent ou agente de la GRC, up to date as of August 27, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Processus de recrutement des policiers et policières, up to date as of September 25, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Posez votre candidature en ligne, up to date as of October 2, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Test de condition physique et entrevue d'évaluation des qualités pour les postulants, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Programme de formation des cadets, up to date as of August 24, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Salaire et avantages sociaux, scale as of April 1, 2024, up to date as of August 20, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Carrières d'employés civils, last modified April 28, 2025, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Types d'emplois d'employés civils, last modified June 16, 2025, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Communiquez avec un recruteur, last modified October 2, 2026, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Membres réguliers et les réservistes de la GRC (RM), article 2 and clause 21.02, consulted on November 6, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, À propos de la Police contractuelle, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Police fédérale, up to date as of July 13, 2025
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Stratégie nationale de recrutement de la GRC 2026-2029, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Government of Canada, Justice Laws Website, Loi sur la Gendarmerie royale du Canada, R.S.C. (1985), c. R-10, sections 11.1 and 20, up to date as of September 21, 2026

Police Technology is the DEC (college diploma) that leads to the job of police officer in Quebec. The Techniques policières program has the code 310.A0, lasts 3 years and totals 2,430 hours, according to the Inforoute FPT. It is offered in 15 institutions. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

The DEC in Police Technology (310.A0)

The program profile on the Inforoute FPT shows 90 credits and an approximate length of 36 months. The program was approved in 2021. It trains patrol officers and prepares for admission to the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy).

Source: Inforoute FPT, profile of program 310.A0. These hours cover classes and labs, without personal work.

The CEGEPs that offer Police Technology

The Inforoute FPT names 15 institutions, consulted on October 10, 2026. The École nationale de police du Québec gives the same number.

• Campus Notre-Dame-de-Foy
• Cégep Beauce-Appalaches, Saint-Georges campus
• Cégep de Baie-Comeau
• Cégep de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue
• Cégep de l'Outaouais
• Cégep de la Gaspésie et des Îles, Gaspé campus
• Cégep de Rimouski
• Cégep de Sherbrooke
• Cégep de Trois-Rivières
• Cégep Garneau
• Cégep John Abbott
• Collège Ahuntsic
• Collège d'Alma
• Collège de Maisonneuve
• Collège Ellis, Drummondville campus

Admission requirements

The prerequisite is the same everywhere. You must meet the general admission requirements for college and have passed Secondary IV mathematics, Cultural, Social and Technical (CST) sequence. Each CEGEP then adds its own selection.

The physical tests

Collège Ahuntsic has candidates run for 12 minutes on a 100-metre track. The passing threshold is 2,700 metres for boys and 2,300 metres for girls. Cégep de Sherbrooke calls 200 candidates to its physical tests, based on their academic record. Cégep de Trois-Rivières also requires passing physical abilities tests.

The medical examination

The rule changes from one CEGEP to another. Collège Ahuntsic requires a complete medical examination at a clinic it designates, and its page estimates the medical fees at about $410. Cégep de Sherbrooke writes that medical examinations are not mandatory for its admission.

The driver's licence

Cégep de Trois-Rivières writes that future students would do well to hold a driver's licence and accepts the learner's licence. The École nationale de police du Québec then requires a valid Class 5 or probationary Class 5 licence.

The R score and the required average

Admission to the DEC is based on the high school record. No official source consulted publishes an admission R score for the program. Cégep de Sherbrooke publishes its figures for fall 2026: 354 applications, 96 places, and an overall high school average of 77% for the last person invited to the physical tests. The CEGEP specifies that these figures are benchmarks and do not guarantee admission.

Cégep de Trois-Rivières asks for an R score of at least 25 in only one case: the refused candidate who studies for a year in another program at the college, then reapplies with priority. The CEGEP reserves 10 places for these students.

The DEC R score then counts at the École nationale de police du Québec. The École's ranking score grid gives 50% to the R-ENPQ score, 30% to the situational judgment test and 20% to the mother tongue test. For 2026-2027 admission, the École specifies that the language test is removed from the calculation.

The AEC in Police Technology

The AEC (attestation of college studies) in Police Technology lasts 30 weeks and is offered only in certain colleges, according to the École nationale de police du Québec. This path begins with a promise of employment from a Quebec police force. The École specifies that only certain police forces grant promises of employment.

The mandatory next step at the École nationale de police du Québec

The DEC is not enough. Under the Police Act, every candidate must pass the École nationale de police du Québec's initial training program in police patrol. This program lasts at least 450 hours, spread over 15 weeks, and candidates live on campus.

The École takes in 9 cohorts of 108 students per school year, or 972 police recruits. It requires Canadian citizenship, good moral character, no criminal conviction, a medical examination passed within the 12 months before training and passing the standardized physical abilities test. The application must be filed by May 1.

From July 1, 2026 to June 30, 2027, training fees total $12,562: $4,618 in tuition, $2,370 in teaching materials and related fees, $5,574 in room and board. Added to these are $216 for admission, $189 for the entrance tests and $152 for the physical test.

This text summarizes public documents. It is not legal advice.

Further reading

• How to become a police officer in Quebec: the path step by step
• ENPQ: the Nicolet police academy, to become a police officer
• Police officer salary in Quebec: SQ, SPVM and RCMP

Frequently asked questions

Which CEGEP offers Police Technology?

The Inforoute FPT names 15 institutions, including the CEGEPs of Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Outaouais, Rimouski, Sherbrooke and Trois-Rivières, Cégep Garneau, Collège Ahuntsic, Collège d'Alma and Collège de Maisonneuve. The complete list appears above.

What is the best CEGEP for Police Technology?

No official source ranks the CEGEPs. Program 310.A0 and its 2,430 hours are the same everywhere, and all graduates then go through the École nationale de police du Québec. The admission tests, however, change from one CEGEP to another.

How long is the DEC in Police Technology?

The DEC lasts 3 years. The Inforoute FPT shows an approximate length of 36 months, 90 credits and 2,430 hours. Added to this are the 15 weeks of the École nationale de police du Québec program.

How do you get accepted into Police Technology?

You first need the Secondary IV CST mathematics prerequisite. The CEGEPs then choose candidates based on their academic record, then through physical tests. Collège Ahuntsic adds a medical examination. At Collège Ahuntsic, the application is filed with the Service régional d'admission du Montréal métropolitain before March 1 for the fall term.

What is the admission average for Police Technology?

It changes by CEGEP and by year. At Cégep de Sherbrooke, the last person invited to the physical tests for fall 2026 had an overall high school average of 77%. The CEGEP had received 354 applications for 96 places.

What is a good R score at CEGEP?

No official source consulted sets a good R score for a future police officer. The École nationale de police du Québec ranks candidates with its ranking score, where the published grid gives 50% to the R-ENPQ score. This ranking score is the only reference that sets the candidate's rank on the admission list.

Sources

• Compétences Québec, Inforoute FPT, Techniques policières (310.A0), program approved in 2021, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Candidat québécois, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Programme de formation initiale, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Étape 1, Satisfaire aux conditions d'admission, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Contingentement, 2026-2027 admission, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Frais 2026-2027, rates from July 1, 2026 to June 30, 2027
• Cégep de Sherbrooke, Complément d'information sur l'admission en Techniques policières, fall 2026 data, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Collège Ahuntsic, Techniques policières, Coûts et conditions d'admission, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Cégep de Trois-Rivières, Techniques policières, selection of candidates for fall 2027, consulted on October 10, 2026

To become a police officer in Quebec, you need a college diploma in Police Technology, then the police patrol diploma of the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy), in Nicolet. Finally, you must be hired by a police force. The École's program lasts 15 weeks and its training fees amount to $12,562 in 2026-2027. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

The four conditions of the Police Act

Section 115 of the Police Act (chapter P-13.1) sets the minimum conditions to be hired as a police officer.

• Be a Canadian citizen
• Be of good moral character
• Not have been found guilty of an offence described in the Criminal Code or of one of the offences referred to in its section 183
• Hold the police patrol diploma of the École nationale de police du Québec or meet the equivalency standards set by regulation of the École

The same section allows the government and municipalities to add hiring conditions. The École specifies that a person is generally considered to be of good moral character if they are honest and upright, obey the law and keep good company.

Step 1: the DEC or AEC in Police Technology

The École nationale de police du Québec admits two profiles to its initial police patrol training program. The first is the holder of the DEC (college diploma) in Police Technology. The second is the holder of an AEC (attestation of college studies) in Police Technology who also holds a promise of employment from a police force.

The job profile on Québec.ca gives the codes of the two programs: 310A0 for the DEC and JCA0Q for the AEC.

Step 2: admission to the École nationale de police

The college diploma is not enough. The École imposes six admission steps.

• Meet the admission requirements, including a valid Class 5 driver's licence and fingerprinting
• File the application for admission online
• Obtain the prior shooting certification
• Take the entrance tests
• Pass the medical examination
• Pass the standardized physical abilities test, the ESAP

For the 2026-2027 school year, the admission period ran from March 1 to May 1, 2026. The deadline is May 1 of each year.

The École takes in 9 cohorts of 108 students per school year, or 972 police recruits. A ranking score sets the order of admission. The grid published by the École gives 50% to the R-ENPQ score, 30% to the situational judgment test and 20% to the mother tongue test. For 2026-2027 admission, the École specifies that the language test is removed from the calculation. The École specifies that a promise of employment gives no priority.

The physical test: the ESAP

The police physical test in Quebec is called the standardized physical abilities test, or ESAP-ENPQ Police 2017. It is a timed circuit. It draws on muscular power and the aerobic system. One station assesses decision making and reaction time. The candidate is called to it after passing the medical examination.

The ESAP is valid for 12 months from the date it is passed. A candidate who fails is entitled to two retakes per application for admission. The École publishes an official video of the circuit and a preparatory training plan.

Step 3: 15 weeks in Nicolet

The École has exclusive responsibility for the initial training that gives access to police patrol. The program lasts at least 450 hours, spread over 15 weeks. Police recruits must live on campus for the entire program.

What the École costs in 2026-2027

The École publishes its rates in effect from July 1, 2026 to June 30, 2027. It presents them as an indication.

Source: École nationale de police du Québec, Frais 2026-2027. The $12,562 total combines tuition, materials and room and board. It excludes admission fees, the medical examination, clothing and required items.

The École states that its students may be eligible for the Government of Quebec's loans and bursaries program.

Step 4: being hired by a police force

The École's diploma does not guarantee a job. The École writes that it is up to police recruits to approach police forces to find a job. According to Québec.ca, police officers work for the Sûreté du Québec (Quebec's provincial police), the Royal Canadian Mounted Police or a municipal police force.

The Sûreté du Québec accepts applications from École graduates at any time. Its recruitment process includes eligibility, review of applications, the interview, the security check, the overall review of the file, the ESAP and the medical examination.

The path for graduates of another program

The Sûreté du Québec describes a special path, the AEC Diversité policière program. The candidate must hold a bachelor's degree or a DEC at the time of applying. They must then obtain a 30-week AEC in Police Technology, then pass the École's 15 weeks in Nicolet. Only candidates already selected by the Sûreté can start this AEC.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Further reading

• Police Technology: the DEC, the CEGEPs and admission to become a police officer
• ENPQ: the Nicolet police academy, to become a police officer
• Police officer salary in Quebec: SQ, SPVM and RCMP
• Sûreté du Québec: police officer recruitment, step by step
• Becoming an RCMP police officer: recruitment, training and salary

Frequently asked questions

What is the path to becoming a police officer?

The path has four steps in Quebec. You must obtain a DEC or an AEC in Police Technology, be admitted to the École nationale de police du Québec, pass its 15-week police patrol program there, then be hired by a police force. The holder of an AEC must also hold a promise of employment to enter the École.

What are the requirements to get into the police?

Section 115 of the Police Act sets four: be a Canadian citizen, be of good moral character, not have been found guilty of a criminal offence and hold the police patrol diploma of the École nationale de police du Québec. The government and municipalities can add their own conditions. The Sûreté du Québec, for example, requires a valid driver's licence and a working knowledge of English.

Can you become a police officer at 30 in Quebec?

Yes, at 30 as at 40: neither section 115 of the Police Act nor section 4 of the regulation on the academic regime of the École nationale de police du Québec sets a maximum age. The candidate must pass the same medical examination and the same physical test as the others. A police force may have its own conditions.

The 3-year DEC is not the only path. According to the École, the AEC in Police Technology lasts 30 weeks, is offered in certain colleges only and requires a promise of employment from a police force. According to the SPVM, its AEC Diversité policière program is for people of Indigenous origin or from a visible or ethnic minority who hold a bachelor's degree or a DEC (see The path for graduates of another program).

What are the physical tests to get into the police?

In Quebec, there is only one for admission to the École: the standardized physical abilities test, or ESAP. It is a timed circuit that draws on muscular power and the aerobic system, with a decision-making and reaction-time station. It costs $152 in 2026-2027 and remains valid for 12 months.

How do you prepare for the police physical test?

The École nationale de police du Québec publishes three preparation documents on its ESAP page: a preparatory training plan, a training plan for the light target station and a presentation of the circuit. An official video shows the test. The École forbids energy drinks before the test and asks you to show up without injury.

What are the police recruitment tests?

The École imposes two entrance tests. The situational judgment test lasts 2 hours and presents police scenarios. The M-Pulse is a psychometric test of 455 questions. Added to these are the medical examination (which includes drug screening) and the ESAP.

What is a police officer's salary in Quebec?

The "Policiers / policières" profile on Québec.ca, updated on June 19, 2026, gives $28.00 an hour at the minimum, $47.12 at the median and $63.00 at the maximum. This hourly wage is the average of wages from 2023 to 2025. The same profile shows an annual salary of $104,000 in 2020 for Quebec as a whole.

Sources

• LégisQuébec, Police Act, chapter P-13.1, section 115, up to date as of October 15, 2026
• LégisQuébec, By-law to establish the Training Plan Regulation of the École nationale de police du Québec, chapter P-13.1, r. 4, section 4, up to date as of July 1, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Comment devenir policier ?, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Programme de formation initiale, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Étapes d'admission, with the pages Étape 1, Étape 4, Étape 5 and Contingentement, 2026-2027 admission, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Candidat québécois, page modified on September 18, 2025, consulted on November 10, 2026
• Service de police de la Ville de Montréal, Programme AEC Diversité policière, consulted on November 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Étape 6, Effectuer l'ESAP-ENPQ Police 2017, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Frais 2026-2027, rates from July 1, 2026 to June 30, 2027, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Recrutement, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Sûreté du Québec, Recrutement policier, consulted on October 10, 2026
• Gouvernement du Québec, Policiers / policières, job profile, up to date as of June 19, 2026

To become a police officer in Quebec, you have to go through the École nationale de police du Québec (Quebec's police academy), the ENPQ, in Nicolet. Its initial police patrol training program lasts at least 450 hours spread over 15 weeks, and its training fees total $12,562 in 2026-2027. This text applies to women and men police officers alike.

The role of the ENPQ under the Police Act

Section 7 of the Police Act (chapter P-13.1) establishes the École nationale de police du Québec. Section 8 makes it a legal person and a mandatary of the government. Section 10 gives it the mission of ensuring the relevance, quality and consistency of police training.

The same section 10 gives it exclusive responsibility for the initial training of police personnel that gives access to the practice of police patrol, investigation and police management. College training in Police Technology is the exception.

Section 115 of the Act sets the minimum conditions for hiring a police officer. The fourth is to hold the ENPQ police patrol diploma or to meet the equivalency standards set by regulation of the École.

The initial police patrol training program

The ENPQ writes that the program prepares the police recruit to intervene appropriately and effectively in the context of police operations. It lasts at least 450 hours, spread over 15 weeks.

Registered candidates must live on campus for the entire program.

The École takes in 9 cohorts of 108 students every year, or 972 police recruits per school year. It specifies that this number can vary according to the needs expressed by the Ministère de la Sécurité publique (Quebec's public security department) and the Government of Quebec.

Admission requirements

The ENPQ's "Step 1" page repeats the conditions of the Règlement sur le régime des études de l'École nationale de police du Québec. Among other things, the candidate must meet the following conditions.

• Be a Canadian citizen
• Be of good moral character
• Not have been found guilty of an act or omission that the Criminal Code describes as an offence
• Hold the DEC (college diploma) in Police Technology, or an AEC (attestation of college studies) in Police Technology with a promise of employment from a police force
• Hold a valid Class 5 or probationary Class 5 driver's licence
• Give their fingerprints to the École
• Have passed the prescribed medical examination
• Have passed the standardized physical abilities test
• Have taken the École's psychometric test and situational judgment test
• Have obtained the shooting certifications determined by the École

The deadline to apply is May 1 of each year. Places are allocated according to the ENPQ ranking score. The École writes that no priority is given to candidates who hold a promise of employment.

The required tests

The entrance tests

The entrance tests include two measuring instruments. The situational judgment test lasts 2 hours. The M-Pulse is a psychometric test of 455 questions, for which the École allows 50 to 90 minutes. The ENPQ writes that these two tests require no specific preparation.

The medical examination

The candidate is called by email to the medical examination prescribed by regulation. The examination must be passed within the 12 months before the start of training. The École asks you to allow 2 to 3 hours. The examination includes a screening test for drugs and other prohibited substances, from which cannabis has been removed. The visual acuity and hearing acuity standards in force date from July 15, 2024.

The standardized physical abilities test

The ENPQ physical test has an official name: épreuve standardisée d'aptitudes physiques, or ESAP-ENPQ Police 2017. It is a timed circuit. The candidate who passes the medical examination is called to it by email. The ESAP is valid for 12 months from the date it is passed. A candidate who fails is entitled to two retakes per application for admission.

Fees in 2026-2027

The following rates are in effect from July 1, 2026 to June 30, 2027. The ENPQ presents them as an indication and subject to change.

Source: ENPQ, "Frais 2026-2027" page. Admission fees and the medical examination are added to it.

Training fees are paid in 1 or 2 instalments. They do not include clothing, books and required items. Training fees for Indigenous cohorts are different and appear on the same page.

The admission calendar

Admission to the ENPQ follows the same cycle every year: the application from March 1 to May 1, the entrance tests in June, the decision in October, then cohorts from September to June. The tool gives each step with its timing and cost, then the dates of the next cohorts, based on the school's 2026-2027 admission guide and cohort calendar. Fees change every July 1.

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<p><a href="https://agentpolicier.com/en/news/quebec-police-academy-enpq/">The ENPQ admission calendar</a>, by Agent Policier</p>

The École's other clients

The ENPQ also trains serving police officers and public security clients, including correctional services officers, highway safety officers, special constables and Société de transport de Montréal inspectors.

This text summarizes public documents. It is neither legal advice nor union advice.

Further reading

• How to become a police officer in Quebec: the path step by step
• Police Technology: the DEC, the CEGEPs and admission to become a police officer
• Sûreté du Québec: police officer recruitment, step by step
• RCMP police training: Depot Division in Regina and the physical test

Frequently asked questions

When should I apply to the ENPQ?

From March 1 to May 1 of the year you finish your DEC. For the 2026-2027 school year, the DEC had to be passed by July 15, 2026. The admission decision comes in October. Cohorts then start from September to June.

Frequently asked questions

How long is the training at the Nicolet police academy?

The initial police patrol training program lasts at least 450 hours, spread over 15 weeks, according to the ENPQ. Candidates must live on campus for that entire period.

What are the physical tests to get into the police?

The ENPQ requires a single physical test for admission: the standardized physical abilities test, or ESAP-ENPQ Police 2017. It is a timed circuit, taken after passing the medical examination. Its result is valid for 12 months. It costs $152 in 2026-2027.

What are the tests to get into the police?

Admission to the ENPQ includes a 2-hour situational judgment test and a 455-question psychometric test, the M-Pulse. Added to these are the medical examination, the standardized physical abilities test and a prior shooting certification.

How do you prepare for the police physical test?

The ENPQ publishes its own preparation documents on the page for step 6 of admission. You will find an official ESAP video, a presentation of the circuit and a preparatory training plan. The École asks you to show up in excellent medical and physical condition, without injury. It forbids energy drinks before the test.

Are you paid during police academy training?

The ENPQ admission pages mention no salary paid by the École. The police recruit pays training fees of $12,562 in 2026-2027. The École states that the recruit may be eligible for the Government of Quebec's loans and bursaries program.

Where can I find police training in Nicolet?

The École nationale de police du Québec is located at 350, rue Marguerite-D'Youville, in Nicolet. Its main building is the former Séminaire de Nicolet. Under section 10 of the Police Act, it has exclusive responsibility for initial police patrol training in Quebec.

Sources

• École nationale de police du Québec, Guide d'admission (DEC) 2026-2027 (admission guide), GUI 01-05, consulted on October 28, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Calendrier des cohortes (cohort calendar), consulted on October 28, 2026
• Éditeur officiel du Québec, LégisQuébec, Police Act (chapter P-13.1), sections 7, 8, 10 and 115, up to date as of August 12, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Programme de formation initiale, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Étape 1, Satisfaire aux conditions d'admission, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Étape 4, Effectuer les tests d'entrée, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Étape 5, Effectuer son examen médical, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Étape 6, Effectuer l'ESAP-ENPQ Police 2017, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Contingentement, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, Frais 2026-2027, rates from July 1, 2026 to June 30, 2027, consulted on October 10, 2026
• École nationale de police du Québec, L'École en un coup d'œil, consulted on October 10, 2026